毕业论文设计《基于Atmega64单片机的数据采集系统设计》.doc

哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文 - PAGE II - l 基于AVR单片机的数据采集系统设计 摘要 近年来，随着嵌入式微处理器的快速发展，单片机系统得到了广泛的应用。在医疗、航空、交通、军事技术、工业控制、科学研究等领域，单片机往往是作为一个核心部件来使用，但仅仅具备单片机方面的知识是不够的，还应结合具体的硬件结构以及应用对象的软件特点来设计系统。本论文的目的就是设计实现一个具有一定实用性的实时数据采集系统。 论文主要论述对土壤内部温度、湿度、压力等数据采集系统的设计与实现。它的主要功能是完成数据采集、处理、显示、控制以及与PC机之间的通信等。基于对数据采集系统体系结构及功能要求的分析，本文设计并实现的采集系统采用Atmega64单片机为核心，扩展了电源电路、复位电路、LCD接口电路以及监控电路等，并配有标准RS-232及RS-422串行通信接口。系统软件采用汇编语言编写，为了便于扩展和更改，软件的设计采用模块化结构。由于使用该仪器的野外环境多样，干扰严重，在系统的开发实现中，不仅要实现数据采集仪的一般功能，也要保证它的可靠性和安全性。本文论述了数据采集系统所采取的硬件和软件方面的抗干扰措施，并对与PC机之间的通信实现进行了相应的论述。 关键词 嵌入式；数据采集；Atmega64；传感器 Design of Data Acquisition System Based on AVR SCM Abstract In recent years, with the rapid development in embedded microprocessor,the SCM(Single Chip Micyoco)has been widely applied in many fields such as the medical treatment,the aviation,the transportation,the military technique,the industry,the science research,andso on.In this fields,SCM is usually to be used as a core parts,but the knowledge of SCM isntenough.We should combine with the structure of concrete hardware and characteristics ofrelevant software to design the system.The purpose of this thesis is to design a practicalreal-time data collection system. This thesis mainly discuss the design and realization of the data collection system whichrefers to the temperature、humidity、pressure inside the soil.The system is mainly used tofinish the data collection、processing、display and the correlative control and communicationwith the PC.On the analysis of the system structure and function requirement,the system inthis thesis adopts the Atmega64 core,expands the power、reset、LCD interface circuit withstandard RS-232 series communicate interface.For the entironment the system in use iscomplex with serious disturb.We should ensure the reliability and security besides the basicfunction in the design of the system.In this thesis we discuss the anti-jamming measuresthrough hardware and software.We talk about the realization of communication with the PC.The software design wi