英汉委婉语对比研究（一）.pptVIP

Contrastive Study of Euphmism between English and Chinese Contents 1. Definition 2. Function 3. Translation strategies 4. Similarities Differences 1. Literal translation Although there are differences between Chinese euphemism and English euphamism, many similar expressions exist as well. In order to maintain the original meaning and style, the translator should try to use literal translation. e.g. 　On the 14th of March, at a quarter to three in the afternoon, the greatest living thinker ceased to think. He had been left alone for scarcely two minutes and when we came back we found him in an arm chair peacefully gone to sleep but forever. 3 月14 日下午两点三刻, 当代最伟大的思想家停止思想了。让他一个人留在房间里总共不过两分钟, 等我们再进去的时候, 便发现他在安乐椅上安静地睡着了，但已经是永远地睡着了。 　　 （凤姐儿低了半日头，说道：“这个就没法了！你也该将一应的后事给他料理料理。冲一冲也好。”）尤氏道：“我也暗暗地叫人预备了。就是那件东西，不得好木头，且慢慢地办着罢。”（曹雪芹：《红楼梦》，第十一回） 　　原文中用迂回陈述法将“棺材”婉转地说成“那件东西”，以达到委婉效果，因此译成英文时也可以直接用“that”来代替“coffin”. 　　译文：“I’ve secretly sent people to get things prepared. But they haven’t found good wood for that yet， so we have to wait.” 　Old people did not like that description of themselves , and like aged or aging no much more; Soon they came to be called the elderly. Even the euphemism seemed unduly doddering, so we were treated to senior citizen and golden- ager and old women keep their chins up by calling themselves mature. 译文: 老人们对自己的称呼感到不满意,他们也不喜欢被叫做年纪大的或上了年纪的人; 很快人们称他们为长者。他们觉得这个委婉语也不尽人意,于是人们便以高级公民或金色年华的人相称,而老年妇女则信心十足地叫自己是成年人。 2. Liberal translation Many Chinese and English euphemism are different both in content and form; at this point, we have to translate the euphemistic meaning directly. e.g. This student is too free with fists. 这个学生爱打架。 　　 Harry used an Angol- Saxon word. 哈里用了一脏词( Anglo- Saxon 在这儿是委婉语。就一般而言, 英语中最脏的粗话多源于古英语, 因此得名) 。 Wait a minute, I want to pick a daisy 等一下，我要去方便一下 他有”断袖之癖“