Green-Accounting-for-Sustainable-Development可持续发展绿色核算.ppt

Green Accounting for Sustainable Development可持续发展的绿色核算 International and World Bank Experience 国际和世行经验 Magda Lovei Sector Manager Environment East Asia and Pacific Region The World Bank Outline 提纲 Introduction 前言 International experience 国际经验 The World Bank’s Adjusted Net Savings methodology 世行经过调整的净储蓄方法 Adjusted Net Savings in Asia亚洲经过调整的净储蓄 Looking ahead 未来发展 1 – Introduction 前言 Asset accounting for sustainable development 可持续发展的资产核算 A condition for sustainable development可持续发展的一个条件 Society’s real wealth is not declining over time社会真正财富是不随时间而下降的 Real wealth consists of真正财富包括： Produced assets 生产的资产(buildings, machines, vehicles, etc.)? accounted for in the National Accounts Other assets其它资产 (expanding the measure of wealth) Natural resources Human capital Social capital Empirical evidence: The importance of human and social capital as component of wealth实例：人力和社会资本在财富中的重要程度 Empirical evidence: Large difference in the composition of natural capital across countries实例：自然资本各国差异很大 2 – International experience 国际经验 Examples of accounting for asset depreciation 资产折旧核算案例 Capturing rents from natural resources – Example from Norway 获取自然资源的租金－挪威案例 Assessing the “cost” of equity – Example from Norway 净资产的费用评估－挪威案例 Reinvesting rents into other forms of capital – Example from Botswana把租金再投向其他形式的资本－波斯瓦那案例 Mineral revenues are 35% of GDP矿产收入占GDP的35％ Government has developed “Sustainable Budget Index “(SBI)政府开发了可持续预算指数 SBI measures how much of the mineral revenues are converted to other forms of assets (including expenditures on education and health) Government guideline: no revenue from mining should be used for current expenditure 3 – The World Bank’s Adjusted Net Savings (ANS) Methodology 世行经过调整的净储蓄方法 An indicator for sustainability 一个衡量可行性的指标 Adjusted net savings (ANS) 经过调整的净储蓄 ANS measures the ‘change in total wealth’ over time Sign and magnitude of ANS are key indicators of sustainability Decomposition of ANS enables identification of policy recommendations Negativ