观察他人生活经历对疼痛耐受性的影响.pdf

北京大学学报(自然科学版) 第 51 卷 第 5 期 2015 年 9 月 Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, Vol. 51, No.5 (Sept. 2015) doi: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2015.094 观察他人生活经历对疼痛耐受性的影响 † 韦文琦 王垒 乔灵思 李晨 北京大学心理学系 , 北京 100871; † 通信作者 , E-mail: leiwang@pku.edu.cn 摘要 根据社会学习理论和社会比较理论 , 考察看到他人成功或辛酸的生活经历是否影响人们的疼痛耐受 性。研究结果发现 , 看到他人成功生活经历的被试以及看到他人辛酸生活经历的被试, 都比看到他人正常生 活经历的被试报告更高的疼痛耐受性。研究结果在不同的样本群体(实验 1 采用员工样本, 实验 2 采用大学 生样本)和不同的启动实验范式下(实验 1 被试看的材料是一个服务员的生活经历, 实验 2 被试看的材料是大 学生的生活经历)都得到证实, 表明人们能够适应性地选择不同的路径来进行自我调节和应对疼痛。 关键词 社会体验 ; 观察学习; 社会比较 ; 疼痛应对 ; 疼痛耐受性 中图分类号 B84 The Effect of Observing Others’ Lives on the Perceived Tolerance of Pain † WEI Wenqi, WANG Lei , QIAO Lingsi, LI Chen Department of Psychology, Peking University, Beijing 100871; † Corresponding author, E-mail: leiwang@pku.edu.cn Abstract Based on social learning and social comparison theories, the authors investigated whether the exposure to the successful or miserable lives of others could influence participants’ pain tolerance. Results consistently showed that people who were exposed to the successful or miserable lives of others reported higher tolerance of pain than people who were exposed to the ordinary lives of others. This result was present across different samples (employee sample in Experiment 1, and university student samples in Experiment 2), different priming methods (story of a waiter’s experience in Experiment 1, and a student’s life in Experiment 2). All these findings suggest that peopl