湖泊氮磷循环的关键过程与定量识别方法.pdf

北京大学学报(自然科学版) 第 54 卷 第 1 期 2018 年 1 月 Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, Vol. 54, No. 1 (Jan. 2018) doi: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2017.143 湖泊氮磷循环的关键过程与定量识别方法 † 吴桢 吴思枫 刘永 张雨宇 谢曙光 郭怀成 北京大学环境科学与工程学院 , 水沙科学教育部重点实验室 , 北京 100871; † 通信作者 , E-mail: yongliu@pku.edu.cn 摘要 针对湖泊氮磷循环的3个关键过程 : 源过程、去除过程和内部转化过程, 识别不同过程(如底泥释放、反 硝化等)对湖泊的影响机制及其对富营养化的贡献, 总结对比湖泊氮磷循环及其关键过程的实验与模型等不同 研究方法的优劣。基于文献综述分析提出 , 未来的研究需将机理模型、实验观测及室内模拟结合起来, 通过 机理模型定量表征氮磷循环的物质平衡, 辅以实验观测识别关键过程, 通过室内模拟实验分析循环关键过程 的影响因素与响应机制。这种多层次多手段的研究方法体系可以为湖泊氮磷循环的深入探究提供技术支持。 关键词 湖泊富营养化; 氮磷循环; 内源释放; 反硝化 ; 氮磷协同 中图分类号 X-1; X524 Key Processes and Mechanisms of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Cycling in Lakes † WU Zhen, WU Sifeng, LIU Yong , ZHANG Yuyu, XIE Shuguang, GUO Huaicheng Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (MOE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871; † Corresponding author, E-mail: yongliu@pku.edu.cn Abstract Special attention has been paid to three types of processes, that is, source process, removal process and internal cycling. Through the summary of literatures, the mechanisms of typical cycling processes, such as sediment release and denitrification, were discussed. The comparison of contributions of different cycling processes was listed as well. Moreover, the main research approaches of experiment and modeling in this field were well summarized and compared, raising a general framework for the study of nutrients cycling in lakes. With the purpose of looki