二次锂电池锂基负极与电解质界面研究-应用化学专业论文.docx

SiO2-PP13TFSI 时，以 0.5 mA cm-2 极化对称电池 Li/PEO18LiTFSI-X/Li， 锂枝晶出现时间 t0 分别为 15、25、32、35 和 46 h，则在锂枝晶出现前电 极的有效比容量分别为 548、914、1170、1277 和 2154 mAh g-1。锂枝晶 出现时间 t0 与电流密度 J 的对数均呈线性关系。 3、采用熔炼法合成含单质锂、Li5B4 和微量 Li3Mg7 三相组分的富锂 三元合金 Li2.6BMg0.05，该合金中单质锂组分所进行的可逆溶出-沉积反应 可提供的比容量为 1181.6 mAh g-1。在存放和循环过程中，Li2.6BMg0.05/ 电解液界面比 Li/电解液界面阻抗更小且更稳定。另外，Li2.6BMg0.05 合金 电极能有效抑制在电极循环和大量锂沉积过程（100 C）中的锂枝晶产生。 因此，三元合金 Li2.6BMg0.05 有望取代金属锂作为高比容量二次锂电池负 极材料。 关键词：二次锂电池，金属锂电极，添加剂，SEI 膜，锂枝晶，富锂合金 III STUDY ON INTERFACE BETWEEN LITHIUM-BASED ANODE AND ELECTROLYTE FOR SECONDARY LITHIUM BATTERIES ABSTRACT Lithium is one of the best anode candidates for secondary lithium batteries because of its extremely high theoretical specific capacity and most negative potential. Nowadays, lithium-sulfur and lithium-air batteries have attracted increasing attention and become important directions for secondary lithium batteries. However, lithium anode is not used in practical applications in a large scale owing to its following problems: (1) side reactions between lithium metal anode and electrolyte will give rise to interface resistance increase, electrolyte consumption and coulomb efficiency reduction during cycling; (2) formation of dendrites and “dead lithium” during cycling leads to efficiency reduction, and if dendrite punctures the separator reaching the counter electrode, it will cause safety hazards, such as shortcircuit and IV explosion. Aiming at the two above-mentioned problems of lithium electrode, we undertake the research work from two sides of both electrolyte and lithium-based anode structure: on one hand, different kinds of additives were used for both liquid and solid polymer electrolytes. The effects of different additives on the lithium anode/electrolyte interface property, electrochemical performance, and the relationship between dendrite onset time (t0) and current density (J) for solid polymer electrolyte were studied. On the other hand, a lithium-rich multiphase allo