二氧化硅介孔颗粒的制备条件对其结构及形态的影响-高分子化学与物理专业论文.docxVIP

二氧化硅介孔颗粒的制备条件 对其结构及形态的影响 摘要 经过十年的发展 介孔材料的制备方法和表征技术已经取得了巨大的进步 而有关介孔材料的研究重点也转移到了介孔结构与外形的控制以及具体的应用技 术方面 本论文选择 MCM-41 和 SBA-15 这两种具有代表性的介孔材料为对象 研究 了制备条件对最终产品的结构和形态的影响 论文的研究结果总结如下 1 在碱性条件下 用 TEM XRD 和气体吸附 解吸附等测试手段研究了 搅拌速度 PH 值 反应温度 前驱体及共溶剂的浓度等反应条件对 SiO2 介孔颗 粒结构和形态的影响 结果证明 适当的搅拌速度和适量的共溶剂有助于得到形 态均一的 SiO2 介孔颗粒材料 在适当的碱性条件下 降低表面活性剂和前驱体 的浓度以及反应温度有利于生成颗粒较小的介孔材料 根据这些规律 我们制备 出了直径为 30 50nm 的介孔二氧化硅颗粒 这是已知文献报道的粒径最小且孔 道分布均匀的二氧化硅介孔颗粒 2 在 80o C 下 以乙醇作共溶剂 在二氧化硅前驱体和表面活性剂浓度极稀 的情况下 制备出一种新型的介孔材料 TEM 和 XRD 等表征手段显示 这种材 料为大小均一的球形颗粒 具有垂直于颗粒表面 呈放射状分布的介孔孔道 其 介孔结构不同于已经报道的任何一种介孔材料 3 研究了在不同酸度下制备出的 SBA-15 的形貌特征 考察了作为助剂的 1,3,5-三甲基苯TMB的加入量对 SBA-15 形貌及其孔道直径尺度的影响 关键词 介孔材料 二氧化硅 溶胶 凝胶法 形态控制 INFLUENCES OF SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS ON THE STRUCTURES AND MORPHOLOGIES OF MESOPOROUS SILICAS Abstract Since the invention of mesoporous silica about ten years ago, the methodology of both preparation and characterization of mesoporous materials has been highly developed. And now, the focus of researches has been put upon the structural and morphological control of mesoporous materials and their applications in the fields of photics, electronics and biology. In this dissertation, two representative mesoporous silica materials, MCM-41 and SBA-15, are selected to investigate the influences of synthesis conditions on the structures and morphologies of final products. The results and conclusion of this dissertation could be summarized as follows. The effects of factors such as PH, reaction temperature, concentration of CTAB and EtOH on morphologies of mesoporous silica have been studied by mean of TEM XRD and N2 Adsorption-Desorption. High-ordered mesoporous silica particles with 30-50nm in diameter were synthesized, which are the smallest ones to the best knowledge of us. A kind of novel mesoporous silica was prepared when ethanol was added to the co- solvent system in higher temperature. This silica consisted of nearly mono- dispersed beads with mesopores perpendicular to their surfaces. The morphologies of SBA-15 mes