当代英美散文名篇选读（上册）：教师手册 习题解答提示与补充阅读材料.pdf

当代英美散文名篇选读 （上册）：教师手册 使用说明 1． 《教师手册》包括三部分：About the Author （作者简介及课文出处等）、About the Text （难句分析、语言点、修辞等）、Keys to Exercises 。 2 ．作者简介及难句分析和语言点的部分内容已收入教材的“注释” （Notes and Commentary ），请教师在讲解前仔细核对。 3 ． “练习答案”只提供第二至第五部分（即词汇、完型填空、改错、中译英） 习题的答案。第一部分（Questions for Comprehension and Discussion ）涉及对 课文内容的分析、作者态度或立场的归纳评论、以及修辞手段的运用等，没 有标准答案。教师可以在组织学生进行讨论、辩论、角色扮演或提问时灵活 处理，适当提供背景知识、相关词汇等，引导学生得出比较合理的结论。 4 ．中译英和英译中的答案仅供参考。 5 ．练习经过多次修改，恐有不少错漏。不便之处，敬请谅解。欢迎使用者批评 指正。 编者 2000 年6 月 1 当代英美散文名篇选读 （上册）：教师手册 Unit One How To Grow Old About the author Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3d Earl, 1872-1970, British philosopher, mathematician, and social reformer; b. Wales. The grandson of Lord John Russell, the 1st Earl Russell, he succeeded to the earldom in 1931. While teaching at Cambridge Univ. Russell produced his most important works, Principles of Mathematics (1903) and, with Alfred North WHITEHEAD, Principia Mathenetica (3 vol., 1910 – 13), in which he attempted to show how the laws of mathematics could be deduced from the basic axioms of logic. His work influenced on 20th-cent. symbolic logic, SET theory in mathematics, and LOGICAL POSITIVISM, especially in the work of his student Ludwig WITTFENSTEN. An undogmatic but zealous rationalist, Russell was deeply convinced of the logical independence of individual facts and the dependence of knowledge on the data of original experience. Well known for his social views, he was an active pacifist during World War I. In 1927 he and his wife founded the highl