第八课谐响应分析-精选（公开课件）.ppt

第八课 谐响应分析 谐响应分析 任何持续的周期载荷将在结构系统中产生持续的周期响应（谐响应）。 谐响应分析是用于确定线性结构在承受随时间按正弦（简谐）规律变化的载荷时的稳态响应的一种技术。分析的目的是计算出结构在几种频率下的响应并得到一些响应值（通常是位移）对频率的曲线。从这些曲线上可以找到“峰值”响应，并进一步观察峰值频率对应的应力。 该技术只计算结构的稳态受迫振动，而不考虑发生在激励开始时的瞬态振动。（见图1）。谐响应分析使设计人员能预测结构的持续动力特性，从而使设计人员能够验证其设计能否成功地克服共振、疲劳，及其它受迫振动引起的有害效果。 图1（a）典型谐响应系统。F0及ω已知，u0和Φ未知。 （b）结构的瞬态和稳态动力学响应。 谐响应分析是一种线性分析。任何非线性特性，如塑性和接触（间隙）单元，即使定义了也将被忽略。分析中可以包含非对称系统矩阵，如分析在流体─结构相互作用中问题（参见ANSYS耦合场分析指南的第5章）。谐响应分析也可以分析有预应力结构，如小提琴的弦（假定简谐应力比预加的拉伸应力小得多） Harmonic Analysis A. Define harmonic analysis and its purpose. B. Learn basic terminology and concepts underlying harmonic analysis. C. Learn how to do a harmonic analysis in ANSYS. D. Work on a harmonic analysis exercise. Harmonic AnalysisA. Definition Purpose What is harmonic analysis? A technique to determine the steady state response of a structure to sinusoidal (harmonic) loads of known frequency. Input: Harmonic loads (forces, pressures, and imposed displacements) of known magnitude and frequency. May be multiple loads all at the same frequency. Forces and displacements can be in-phase or out-of phase. Surface and body loads can only be specified with a phase angle of zero. Output: Harmonic displacements at each DOF, usually out of phase with the applied loads. Other derived quantities, such as stresses and strains. Harmonic Analysis… Definition Purpose Harmonic analysis is used in the design of: Supports, fixtures, and components of rotating equipment such as compressors, engines, pumps, and turbomachinery. Structures subjected to vortex shedding (swirling motion of fluids) such as turbine blades, airplane wings, bridges, and towers. Harmonic Analysis… Definition Purpose Why should you do a harmonic analysis? To make sure that a given design can withstand sinusoidal loads at different frequencies (e.g, an engine running at different speeds). To detect resonant response and avoid it if necessary (by using dampers, for example). Harmonic AnalysisB. Terminology Concepts Topics co