专升本英语作文、翻译复习--讲义.doc

~ ~~~ 写作——启、承、转、合 启---启动观点 开头段 Nowadays, a heated debate is springing up as to… With the development of … 承---内容承接 拓展段 首先, 第一: firstly/ above all/ to begin with 其次，第二:secondly/ besides/ in addition/ what’s more/ 最后，第三: at last/ the last but not the least 转---语义转折 拓展段 转折：however/ on the contrary/ by contrast/instead 合---总结概括 结尾段 结论：in short/ in brief/ in a word/ in conclusion/ to sum up/ on the basis of the analysis above, we can draw a conclusion that… 1）起始段写法 一、话题引出段/现象、现状说明段 Nowadays/ Currently, there is a great/wide/widespread concern over the issue of… There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of…. Those who object to…argue that…. But people who favor…, on the other hand, argue that… With the rapid development of science and technology, the quality of our lives is improving for the better. When it comes to…, people’s notion may vary from one to another/most people belive that… But other people argue that… Different people have different attitudes towards…Some are in favor of …while others are against…. As far as I’m concerned, I am inclinded to support the latter view that… 2）拓展段写法(5种) 一、观点对比段 Currently, opposite views are presented in the debate. Some people firmly believe that…. On the contrary, quite a few people argue that… 二、利弊列举段 Every coin has two sides and this issue is no exception. Above all, … In addition ,…However, the negative elements should not be neglected. 三、举例论证段 For instance Take … for a example A case in point is… The thought-provoking saying can be best illustrated by the following examples. 四、原因列举段 1. Why should this phenomenon take place? There are generally three factors accounting for it. 2. Considering every aspect of the issue, we may attribute the sharp change to three factors. 五、意义阐释段 The purpose of this picture is to show us that due attention has to be paid to… The fact/ phenomenon that… indicates/ reveals that. 3）结论段写法(2种) 一、归纳结论段 As a result/ consequence,… In conclusion, In my opinion, As far