管理学原理Ch01-2(精品·公开课件).pptVIP

Copyright ? 2004 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1–* The Quantitative Approach管理的数量方法 （1940----） Operations research (management science) 运筹学(管理科学理论) Evolved out of the development of mathematical and statistical solutions to military problems during World War II. 起源与第二次世界大战其间用于解决军队问题的数学和统计方法 Copyright ? 2004 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1–* The Quantitative Approach管理的数量方法 Involves the use of Statistics optimization models information models computer simulations to improve management decision 包括统计学,最优化方法,信息模型和计算机模拟 Copyright ? 2004 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1–* The Process Approach 过程方法（1960----） Management theory jungle (Harold Koontz) The diversity of approaches to the study of management—functions, quantitative emphasis, human relations approaches—each offer something to management theory, but many are only managerial tools. Planning, organizing, leading, and controlling activities are circular and continuous functions of management. Copyright ? 2004 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1–* The Systems Approach 系统方法 System 系统 a set of interrelated and interdependent parts arranged in a manner that produces a unified whole 一组相互关联和依赖的组成部分共同构成的一个统一的整体. Copyright ? 2004 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. The Systems Approach 系统方法 Closed system 封闭系统 not influenced by and do not interact with their environment 不与环境发生相互作用 Open system 开放系统 dramatically interact with their environment 动态地与所处的环境发生相互作用. Stakeholder Relationship Management利益相关者关系管理 Who are stakeholders? any constituencies that are affected by the organization’s decisions and actions 受组织决策和行动影响的任何相关者 include internal and external groups 包括组织内外部群体 can influence the organization 也能影响组织 ? Prentice Hall, 2002 3-* ORGANIZATIONAL STAKEHOLDERS ? Prentice Hall, 2002 3-* Copyright ? 2004 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1–* The Organization and its Environment EXHIBIT HM–4 Copyright ? 2004 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1–*