名词性从句演示教学.ppt

Grammar Noun Clauses 名词性从句 By Aki Huang 如何判断从句类型 主语从句在复合句中作主语, 它可以位于句首, 但常见的主语从句多放在句末,句首则用形式主语it。 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that…是常识 (2) It is＋形容词＋从句 (多用 should) It is natural that… 很自然… It is strange that… 奇怪的是… (3) It ＋ 不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… It appears that… 似乎… (4) It is ＋ 过去分词＋从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实… It is said that… 据说… It is certain that he will come. It is said that some American friends will visit our school next week. It happened that we were out for a walk yesterday evening. It doesn’t matter whether I stay or not. 宾语从句 1）经常出现在及物动词，介词和某些形容词的后面。 that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语： anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。  2） 在接复合宾语的句子中, 为了保持句子平衡, 用it 作形式宾语,将从句放于句尾, 常接复合宾语的动词有: make, find, see, hear, feel, think... I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day. I feel it possible that you will finish the work in a day. 表语从句出现在系动词的后面。 be, look, remain, seem。一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。 The problem is who we can get to replace her. 同位语从句出现在抽象名词，如fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等 之后。 The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people. He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 (1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。 (2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如： 1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语） 2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分） 从句 从属连词 连接代词 连接副词 主语 宾语 表语 同位语