高三英语复习资料 语法、写作(精品·公开课件).pptVIP

定语从句 What are “ Attributive Clauses”? 定语可以由 形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。担任定语功能的句子称为 “定语从句”。 定语从句用来修饰名词、代词或整个主句。 定语从句是由先行词、关系代词或关系副词构成的。 被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。 引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。关系词通常有三个作用： a. 连接主从句 关系词： b. 替代先行词 c. 在定语从句中充当句子成分 1. 指人时，引导限制性定语从句，who, that都可以使用。但先行词是anyone, he, those时，一般用who God helps those ____ help themselves. Anyone ____ wishes to go to the museum must be at the gate by 7:50 a.m. He _____ never reaches the Great Wall is not a true man. 2. who 和whom都可以作从句的宾语,但从句中的介词提前时,则不能用who. Your parents are the persons to ______ you can turn for help when you meet with difficulties. ＝…the persons who/whom you can turn to for help. 3. 先行词是物时,在限制性定语从句中, that 和 which一般可以互换使用,但有时不可换用。 下列场合一般只用that (略) (2) 下列场合不能使用 that: a. 在非限制性定语从句中(指人时使用 who或whom, 指物时使用which)。 The boy brought in a stranger, _____ was badly hurt. He failed in the English exam, _____ made his father very angry. b. 在“介词+关系代词”结构中，(指人时用whom，指物时用which)。 This is the teacher from ______ we’ve learned a lot. This is the reason for _____ (=why) I came to help you. I have many friends, ________ some are businessmen. 4. whose 引导定语从句，既可指人，也可指物，在从句中作定语。 他们去帮助那位老人，他的车抛锚了。 They went to help the old man whose car had broken down. 能给我那本封皮是蓝色的书看一下吗？ Would you please show me the book whose cover is blue? Alec asked the policeman __________ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident. 2. We came to a place _________ they had never paid a visit before. 3. He often helps the students ______ he thinks are not quick at their studies. 4. Government reports, examinations, compositions, legal documents and most letters are the main situations ________ formal language is used. 5. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ________ are sold abroad. 5. 当先行词指时间、地点、原因(the reason) 时，如果关系词在从句中作状语，用when, where, why;如果关系词在从句中作主语、宾语，用which或that. Do you know the reason _____ he was late for school? Do you know the reason ___