《单原子的激光冷却、囚禁和操控及其最新实验进展》-毕业学术论文设计.docVIP

w w 毕 业 论 文 题 目单原子的激光冷却、囚禁和操控及其最新实验进展 英文题目laser cooling , trapping and controlling of Single atoms as well as recent progress in the experimental studies 学生姓名： 学 号： 指导老师： 专 业： 应用物理学 单原子的激光冷却、囚禁和操控及其最近实验进展 摘要 本文综述腔内单原子激光冷却、囚禁与操控的基本原理，实验方案和最新进展，并讨论其在腔量子电动力学、单原子激光、单光子源和量子信息处理等研究中的应用。 我们知道，原子在外场中被感应出一个电偶极矩，当原子在非均匀光场中运动时，将受到感应的电偶极力的作用。鉴于此，可利用光场梯度产生的偶极力俘获腔内单原子。然而非常短的囚禁时间远远无法达到量子信息科学对其实际应用的要求，使囚禁时间大大提高成为所有科学家急需解决的问题。单原子囚禁时间目前可在腔量子电动力学中达到17s，这是史无前例的。使原子冷下来，能获得更长的原子囚禁寿命，现在，Rempe小组已经做到在三维方向上冷却腔内单原子。随着单原子囚禁和冷却技术的发展，人们一直梦寐以求能对单原子进行更长时间的激光发射。量子信息科学的一个关键构造单元是一个非随机的单光子源以便在一个很好的控制的电磁时空模式中产生一个量子波包。腔内量子动力力学（c-QED）的快速发展将会为量子信息科学实验研究提供更多，更有力的工具。 关键词：单原子，激光冷却，激光囚禁，单原子激光，单光子源，腔量子电动力学 PAGE w ABSTARACT This paper comprehensively states the basic principle of cooling，trapping and controlling of cavity single-atoms laser, recent experimental progress and，and discuss about the application of these theories in the research of C-QED，single-atoms laser，single-photons sources and quantum information process. AS all we know，a electrical pole is induced when the atom is in external electromagnetic field. when the atoms move in heterogeneous light field，it will be influenced by the induced electromagnetic polar. In view of this，we can get cavity single atoms through even electrical polar in gradient light field. while within such a short time，it would be impossible to live up to the requirement made by quantum information science when applied into practice. So how to increase the trapping time has become a urgent problem that needs to be solved immediately by many scientists. The trapping time of single atom can be up to 17s in C-QED，which is unprecedented. the longevity of the atom can be expanded when cooled down. Now，Rempe team has been cooling down cavity single atom in three dimensions. With the development of trapping of single atom and cooling technology，people have been craving for expanding the laser radiating time of the sing