成本构成与简要分析（63页).ppt

MUDA of Waiting/Monitoring This refers to a situation where a worker who has been working according to a standardized work sequence finds himself unable to proceed to the next job. 这指的是一个工人按照一个标准化工作顺序发现自己无法继续进行下一步工作的情况。 续下 Traditional wrong concept: Machine waiting is no good 传统的错误观念：机器等待是不好的 NPS new concept:Another kind of waiting MUDA NPS新观念：等待是另一种浪费 Operator monitor machine running 操作者监控机器运转 Muda of watching 浪费的观察 MUDA of Waiting/Mornitoring MUDA of Rejects/Reworks This refers to the MUDA of producing defective items which must be repaired or disposed. This MUDA cause loss of man, machine and materials. 这指的是产品有缺陷必须进行修理或丢弃所产生的浪费。这种浪费导致人工，机器和材料的损失。 续下 MUDA of Transportation Transportation itself is basically MUDA since it doesn’t add any value to the product:the more Transportation per unit,the more the final product cost. This term refers to any Transportation above the minimum necessary to keep “just-in-time”production smoothly --- such as temporary unloading, load transfer, removal of small quantities, and movement from one spot to another. 运输本身是一种浪费，它不能给产品增加任何价值：每个个体的运输越多，最终产品成本越大。这术语起源于运输超出最小必要以保持“即时生产”生产平稳--比如暂时卸货，负荷转移，小量的移动和从一处搬至另一处。 续下 To use conveyor to eliminate manpower for Transportation is not a Kaizen ,because Transportation is still exist. It cause another kind of MUDA---”MUDA of Capital” 利用机械来减少运输的人力资源不是一种改善，因为运输还是存在。它导致另一种浪费--“资金的浪费” the best way is to eliminate Transportation 根本办法是减少运输 MUDA of Transportation MUDA of Motion MUDA of Motion is any human movement in production that adds no value to the product. 动作的浪费是人在生产中移动却没有给产品增加价值. MUDA of Processing Any work or processing that does not add value to product and advance the production process, or contribute to the precision or quality of the processed units is referred to as MUDA of processing 一些没有给产品增加价值的工作或加工和产品预加工，或预留给工序精度或质量的余量就是所谈到的加工浪费 Man Efficiency Apparent Efficiency: 表面效率 Apparent Efficiency refers to