毕业论文-大型电力变压器故障诊断.docVIP

PAGE I 大型电力变压器故障诊断 摘要 变压器作为电力系统的枢纽设备，其运行可靠性直接影响电力系统的安全运行。为保证电力系统的稳定，必须加强对电力变压器绝缘的监测和诊断。变压器绝缘内部局部放电被广泛认为是导致变压器绝缘劣化的重要因素，与变压器运行的安全性和可靠性具有密切联系。局部放电在线监测系统中的放电类型自动识别，能够及时发现绝缘内部局部缺陷及放电发展程度，防止事故发生。 本文首先介绍了电力变压器油中溶解气体的来源和产生机理。在故障情况下，变压器油发生氧解和裂解，最终生成氢气和低分子烃类气体。产生烃类气体的不饱和度随裂解能量密度(温度)的增大而增加。不同的故障，由于故障点能量不同、温度不同以及涉及的绝缘材料不同，其产气情况也各不相同。 在分析变压器油产气机理、产气特征的基础上，本文集中论述了国内外DGA技术在电力变压器故障诊断中的应用。按油中溶解的特征气体含量数据与注意值比较进行判断，可以对变压器等设备有无故障及故障性质作出初步判断。按某几组“关键”特征气体组分的比值(三比值法、四比值法、无编码比值法等)大小进行判断，可以较好地确定故障的性质和状态。在总结大量资料和工程经验的基础上，作者提出了运用DGA技术诊断变压器故障的各类注意事项。 在本文的作者以一个实例，介绍特征气体无编码比值法在诊断变压器应用。 关键词：变压器;特征气体、气相色谱;故障;诊断  Fault Diagnosis of Large Type Power Transformer ABSTRACT As the core apparatus in electrical power system, the operation reliability of transformer directly influences the safety of the whole system. In order to insure the stability of power grid, it is indispensable to be reinforced the monitor and diagnosis of the transformer insulation. Partial discharge (PD) inside insulation is considered as one major cause of insulation degradation in transformer and attached importance to the safety and reliability of running transformer. Auto-recognition to discharge types in on-line PD monitoring system could be used to find out internal partial defects and the relevant discharge development degree in time, and then prevents equipment from the coming faults. This paper first introduces the origin and the mechanism of the dissolved gas in the ransformer oil. in the situation of failure, the transformer oil will be oxygen-decomposed and split-decomposed, and then create the hydrogen and low molecule gases. Non-saturation of the hydrocarbon gas will be increased according to the increase of the density (or temperature) of the splitting energy. For different failures, because of the different energy, different temperature and different insulation material of the different failure points, the situation of the gas is different. On the basis of analysis for the mechanism of the dissolved