2018届高考语法专项-容词和副词.docVIP

2018届高考语法专项　形容词和副词 1．形容词后缀 (1)－able： ①v.＋able: reliable, eatable, enjoyable, movable 等。 ②n.＋able: valuable, reasonable, knowledgeable 等。 (2)－ible: terrible, horrible, invisible, possible 等。 (3)－al: international, mental, medical, natural, general 等。 (4)－ant或－ent: instant, distant, constant, important, patient, different, absent 等。 (5)－ed或－ing：interested, interesting, pleased, pleasing 等。 (6)－en：wooden, golden, spoken, written, mistaken 等。 (7)－ern：eastern, southern, western, northern 等。 (8)－ful： ①n.＋ful：colorful, beautiful, helpful, powerful等。 ②v.＋ful：forgetful, careful等。 (9)－less：fearless, harmless, useless, helpless 等。 (10)－ly：friendly, lovely, daily, weekly 等。 (11)n./v.＋(i)ous：curious, dangerous, various, anxious 等。 (12)－some：handsome, troublesome, tiresome 等。 (13)n.＋－y：funny, lucky, snowy, rainy, dusty等。 2．形容词前缀 (1)un－：unhappy, unfair, unimportant, uncomfortable, unnecessary 等。 (2)im－： impossible, impolite, impatient 等。 (3)in－： inactive, inconvenient, incorrect 等。 (4)dis－： disabled, dishonest 等。 (5)ir－： irregular, irresponsible 等。 (6)il－： illegal 等。 3．副词后缀 一般都是adj.＋－ly构成，如different→differently 等。 eq \a\vs4\al() 注意：以－e结尾的形容词变副词时有的去掉e，有的不去e，直接加－ly。例如：definite→definitely，true→truly。　 [典例] (2016·全国卷乙语法填空)From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be ____________(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. officially　解析：设空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词形式，故填officially。 单句语法填空/单句改错 1．(2017·山东下学期综合测试)Ron had a ____________ (success) career and worked for Ford before retiring and leading a relaxed life. successful　解析：句意：在退休过轻松日子之前，罗恩在福特公司工作，他的事业很成功。名词career前需用形容词作定语，故答案为successful。 2．(2015·陕西高考)When the dog named Judy spotted the first sheep in her life，she did what comes ____________ (natural)． naturally　解析：句意强调“她做了一件顺其自然的事”，即符合狗本性的事。此处应该用副词naturally作状语，修饰动词comes。 3．(2016·四川高考语法填空)Chinese scientists recently had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. She was a very ____________ (care) mother. careful/caring　解析：她是一个非常仔细的/充满爱心的妈妈。修饰名词应用形容词形式。 4．(201