《广义逆矩阵的计算方法》-毕业论文.doc

广义逆矩阵的计算方法 摘 要：上世纪兴起的广义逆矩阵经过几十年的发展，已经成为现代数学研究中一个活跃的领域．作为逆矩阵的推广，广义逆矩阵的理论已成为数理统计、最优化理论、现代化控制理论和网络理论等学科的重要工具．在科学研究和工程应用中，很多问题都可以归结为求解矩阵广义逆（特别是伪逆）的数学问题． 本文首先回顾逆矩阵的相关知识，并结合例题对逆矩阵求解进行说明．然后通过对逆矩阵的推广来引出广义逆矩阵这一概念，并对其定义、性质、分类、计算以及与逆矩阵的关系进行介绍．我们将提出计算矩阵的不同类型的几类广义逆矩阵的不同方法，最后讲述广义逆矩阵在线性方程组中的应用．关于这个学说我们会给出一些数值计算关系． 关键词：逆矩阵；广义逆矩阵；满秩分解；线性方程组 The calculation method of generalized inverse matrix Abstract：Arisen in the last century, generalized inverse has developed for several decades and become an active area of mathematics. As the promotion of the inverse matrix, the generalized matrix theory has become an important tool in the mathematical statistics, optimization theory, modern control theory, network theory and so on. In scientific research and engineering applications, many problems could be reduced as the mathematical problems of solving generalized inverse(especially, pseudo inverse). First, the paper reviews the inverse matrix knowledge, and states the calculation of inverse matrix combined with the examples. Then draws forth the concept of generalized inverse matrix through the promotion of inverse matrix, and its definition, properties, classification, calculation method and the relationship between generalized inverse matrix with inverse matrix. We discuss the Moore-Penrose inverse of block matrices, full-rank factorization. Finally the generalized inverse matrix in the application of linear equations are introduced. We give some numerical computations relative to this theory. Key words：inverse matrix；generalized inverse matrix；full rank decomposition；the system of liner equations PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT II 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc26855 第一章 绪论 PAGEREF _Toc26855 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc28036 1.1 研究目的及意义 PAGEREF _Toc28036 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc4385 1.2 国内外研究现状 PAGEREF _Toc4385 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc28385 1.3 毕业论文主要内容 PAGEREF _Toc28385 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc9478 第二章 逆矩阵 PAGEREF _Toc9478 3 HYPERLINK \