《海南石斛兰黑点病的病原鉴定》-毕业论文设计.docVIP

海南石斛兰黑点病的病原鉴定 PAGE PAGE 16 海 南 大 学 毕 业 论 文（设计） 题 目： 海南石斛兰黑点病的病原鉴定 学 号： B0712042 姓 名： 年 级： 2007级 学 院： 环境与植物保护学院 系 别： 农产品质量与安全系 专 业： 农产品质量与安全 指导教师： 副教授 完成日期： 2011年05月10日 摘 要 本文研究的三亚地区石斛兰黑点病是一种真菌性病害。病斑多发生于叶端及叶缘，发病初期在叶片上产生针尖大黑色小点。后期病斑逐渐扩展成圆形大斑。病斑中间深褐色，边缘黑色或暗黑色。发生在叶缘的病斑常互相融合成不规则条形斑。严重时，叶片会局部坏死或整叶枯死。本试验对石斛兰黑点病的病原菌进行分离纯化，再根据柯赫氏法则进行接种实验发现该分离物能引致与田间石斛兰病害相似的症状。提取病原菌菌丝DNA后应用rDNA-ITS序列分析鉴定，并随之进行同源性分析后发现菌株与Phyllosticta sp.的同源性为100%，表明石斛兰黑点病的病原菌为叶点霉属（Phyllosticta ）。因此，本研究为该病害的科学防治提供了一定的指导意义。 关键词：石斛兰；黑点病；病原鉴定；叶点霉属 Abstract Black spot disease is one of the important plant disease of the dendrobium in Sanya,Hainan.The disease is belonging to a fungal disease and occurs at the edge of leaf mainly.At first,the size of disease spot is very small and its color is black.Later,the disease spot expands into a large,round spot gradually.The color of central disease spot is dark brown,while the edges color is black or dark black.Disease spot occuring at the edge of leaf formed into irregular stripe.When it was serious,some leaves died partly or integrally.During experiment,we got the pathogen coming from infected leaves through the process of separation and purification.And then,we cultivated pathogen on the PDA. According to the Kochs Rule,we inoculated the separated pathogen to the tender leaves.After a period of time,we found that pathogen can cause the same kind of symptom on the leaves compared with the previous observeation in the field.Through the pathogen DNA extraction,rDNA-ITS Sequence analysis and allogenic analysis,we found that the bacterial strain is similar to Phyllosticta sp. completel