《奥氏体不锈钢的焊接性与焊接技术》-毕业论文（设计）.doc

奥氏体不锈钢的焊接性与焊接技术 毕业设计（论文）中文摘要 本文以24Mn-13Cr-O.44N、24Mn-18Cr-3Ni-0.62N和1Cr18Ni9Ti三种奥氏体不锈钢为研究对象，研究了24Mn- 18Cr-3N-0.62N在室温下的拉伸性能，该新型奥氏体不锈钢拉伸时没有明显的屈服平台，具有很高的强度和优良的塑性，拉伸时形成的滑移带粗大、密集，若金相截面，面平行或接近平行，还可发现具有正三角形的形变组织，拉伸断口为韧性断口，块状夹杂物为裂纹发源地之一，净化材料可以进一步提高材料的抗拉强度。 同时，本文重点研究了两种高氮奥氏体不锈钢的磨粒磨损性能，并与24Mn18Cr3Ni0.62n型奥氏体不锈钢作了对比探讨其磨粒磨损机理。试验结果表明，在三个低载荷下，24Mn18Cr3Ni0.62n型不锈钢随载荷的增加，磨损量急剧上升，而两种高氮的奥氏体不锈钢受载荷的影响比较小。此外，磨粒的形状和粒度对材料耐磨性也有重要影响，在同样载荷下，在粗砂时要比细砂时磨损量大。磨损前期主要是磨粒磨损，最明显的特征是“犁沟”，后期以粘着磨损为主。接下来以粘着和剥落机制为主，剥落区内有部分犁沟痕迹，还有少量的微裂纹。随着载荷的增加，磨粒磨损加剧了，并且粘着磨损也提前了，出现了磨粒磨损和粘着磨损明显的交互作用。在磨损过程中，24Mn18Cr3Ni0.62n型奥氏体不锈钢亚表层发生了。马氏体相变，而两种含氮的奥氏体不锈钢很少或几乎没有。马氏体出现，但出现了大量的位错和形变孪晶。在对磨损剖面形变层的硬度进行测试时发现，普通的不锈钢由于发生了马氏体相变，硬度增加明显，而两种含氮奥氏体不锈钢几乎没有发生马氏体相变，硬度增加不是很多，即在低载荷下，加工硬化不足。一个可能的结论是:此新型奥氏体不锈钢正如高锰钢一样，在高载荷下，它的耐磨性才表现得更为突出。 Abstract Based on 24Mn a 13 cr - 44N o. 24Mn, a 18Cr 3Ni - a 0.62 N and ICr18NigTi three austenitic stainless steel is studied 24Mn a 18Cr 3Ni - a 0.62 N at room temperature, the tensile properties of the new austenitic stainless steel tension when no obvious yield, high strength and high plasticity, stretching the formation of sliding with bulky, dense, if one (111 section and metallographic surface parallel or close), parallel, still can find positive triangular deformation, the tensile fracture toughness, fracture, and for the massive inclusions for crack cradles and purification materials can further enhance the tensile strength of materials. At the same time, this paper focuses on two kinds of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel of abrasive wear performance, and 24Mn18Cr3Ni0. 62ntype austenitic stainless steel contrast, discusses the abrasive wear mechanism. Experimental results show that in the three low load, 24Mn18Cr3Ni0. 62n type stainless steel with load increases, wear is rising quickly, and two kinds of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel load of a comparatively small impact. In addition, the grain shape and size of material also have an important impact resistance, with the same load