电子信息专业英语之数字信号处置篇.pptVIP

Introduction to Digital Signal Processing 6.1 Representation of Digital Signals数字信号的表示 Messages sent by telegraph are digital signals. They are written using 26 alphabetical（字母的） characters, 10 numerals（数字）, and symbols（符号） such as commas（逗号） and periods（句号）. These symbols certainly can be represented by different voltage levels, for example, A by 10V (volts), B by 9.5V, C by 9V, and so forth. 电报发送的消息是数字信号。这些消息由26个英文字母，10个数字，逗号句号等符号组成。它们可以用不同的电压来表示，例如用10伏表示字母A，9.5伏表示字母B，9伏表示字母C，等等。 This type of representation, however, is not used because it is susceptible to（易受影响的） noise, shifting of power supply, and any other disturbances. 然而并未采用这种表示法，因为它易受到噪声、电源起伏及其它干扰的影响。 In practice, these symbols are coded as sequences of dashes（划线） and dots（点） or, equivalently, ones and zeros. The symbol 0 can be represented by a voltage from 0 to 0.8V. The symbol 1 can be represented by a voltage from 2.0 to 5.0V. 在实际应用中，这些符号被编成一串点、划，或者1和0。符号0可以用0到0.8伏之间的电压表示；符号1可以用2.0伏到5.0伏之间的电压表示。 The precise voltage of each symbol is not important, but it is critical that its value lies within one of the two allowable ranges. If the value lies outside the two allowable ranges, the telegraph must make a choice of either 1 or 0, and an error may occur. 每个符号所表示的准确电压值并不重要，关键是它要落在上述任意一个允许范围之内，否则就必须在0，1之间作出选择而可能发生错误。 In this case, an error message can be sent, and the message be retransmitted(转发). On the compact disc（光盘）, 1 and 0 are represented by dimples（凹痕）. The leading and trailing edges of a dimple represent a 1（凹痕的前端和后端表示1）; no change represents a 0（无变化则为0）. 在此情况下，可以发送错误信息，要求重传信号。在光盘上用凹痕来表示0和1，凹痕的前端和后端表示1，无变化则为0， Each bit occupies approximately a distance of 1 micrometer (10-6 meter). This type of representation of 1 and 0 is much less susceptible to noise. Furthermore, it is easy to implement. Therefore, digital signals are always coded by ones and zeros in physical implementation. This is called binary coding. 每位数据大约占据1微米的长度。这种表达方式受噪音的影响很小，而且，易于实现。因此，实现时数字信号总是用0，1编码，称做二进制编码。 There are