等离子体覆盖目标的RCS的分析-等离子体物理专业论文.docxVIP

华中科技大学硕士学位论文 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 II II Abstract As a novel method for object stealth, plasmas stealth technology has been arousing much attention around the world during the recent years. A finite-difference time- domain (FDTD) algorithm is applied to study the radar cross section (RCS) of metallic cube covered by inhomogeneous and unmagnetized plasma. The influences of plasma density distribution, collision frequency and thickness on the RCS of objects are presented. These results indicated that when the plasma density is high, the RCS can be decreased by increasing the thickness or collision frequency of plasma, when the plasma density is low, the RCS is not insensitive to collision frequency, but only determined by collision frequency. The effects of different plasma parameters and frequencies of the incident wave on the back RCS are also shown. Finally high frequency three-dimensional full-wave electromagnetic field simulation software CST Microwave Studio is introduced and used to calculate the RCS of simple and complicated objects covered by anisotropic plasma. The RCS of invisible objects is also discussed at different plasma parameters and frequencies of the incident wave. Key words: Plasma, Stealth Technology, FDTD, RCS PAGE IV PAGE IV 目 录 摘 要 I ABSTRACT II 1 绪 论 1.1 等离子体的基本性质 (1) 1.2 雷达散射截面简介 (3) 1.3 等离子体隐身技术与隐身机理 (4) 1.4 国内外研究进展 (7) 1.5 本文的主要工作 (8) 2 电磁散射的数值计算方法 2.1 时域有限差分法的基本原理 (10) 2.2 有限积分法 (22) 2.3 本章小结 (24) 3 等离子体覆盖金属方柱的雷达散射截面 3.1 物理模型 (25) 3.2 数值模型 (26) 3.3 数值结果及讨论 (27) 3.4 本章小结 (35) 4 用 CST 仿真软件计算等离子体覆盖目标的双站 RCS 4.1 CST 的基本算法及特点 (36) 4.2 CST 的功能 (37) 4.3 等离子体覆盖简单目标的 RCS (38) 4.4 等离子体覆盖复杂目标的 RCS (43) 4.5 本章小结 (47) 5 总结与展望 5.1 总结 (48) 5.2 展望 (49) 致 谢 (50) 参考文献 (51) 附录 1 攻读硕士学位期间发表的学术论文 (56) PAGE 10 PAGE 10 1 绪 论 1.1 等离子体的基本性质 等离子体是由电子、离子等带电粒子及中性粒子（原子、分子、微粒等）组成 的，宏观上呈现准中性，且具有集体效应的混合气体[1]。当不带电的普通气体受到气 体放电、强激光照射、高能粒子轰击等外界高能作用时，原子中的电子会吸收大量 的能量。当获得能量足够高时，电子将能够摆脱原子核的束缚而成为自由电子；同 时失去电子的原子形成带正电的离子，此时，原来的中性气体变成了由大量中