公民知情权的法理学分析-法学理论专业论文.docx

I I 公民知情权的法理学研究 中文摘要 知情权是“权利群体”中一个较晚到来的角色，被誉为 20 世纪三大新型人 权之一。在民主法治社会中，知情权已被普遍认为是一项基本人权，虽然现行宪 法中并没有直接规定公民知情权，但不能否定知情权的存在和重要性。保障公民 知情权不仅可以有效的防止政府公权力滥用，符合现代民主政治发展的客观需 要，还可以维护公民自身的利益。随着公民权利意识的普遍提高，各国政府也越 来越尊重公民的权利，通过政府信息公开等法律制度来保障知情权，是各国普遍 接受和认可的制度。2008 年《政府信息公开条例》正式实施，为我国公民知情 权的实现奠定了坚实的基础。近年来，我国保障知情权的法律制度发展迅速，学 者关于知情权的研究也逐渐加深，但是，在法学界，知情权的法理学研究还不够 深入和完整，知情权相关法律法规尚不完备，公共决策缺乏民主化与科学化，具 体实施仍然存在漏洞，从法学理论角度来思考，追求公平正义的价值取向是现代 社会发展的法治理念，保障公民的知情权是维护社会公平正义和安定有序的前提 基础。 本文主要研究公民知情权的本源及公法意义上的公民知情权，阐述知情权的 起源与发展现状，结合不同学者的观点，深入研究知情权的内涵，给知情权下定 义，明确知情权的权利属性。通过研究知情权的法理基础和实践基础，采取理论 和实践相结合的分析方法对知情权存在的问题进行讨论，从立法、执法、司法及 公民权利意识四个个方面指出我国公民知情权实现的障碍并提出自己的具体建 议。 关键词：知情权 政府信息公开 权利保障 The right to know of jurisprudence research Abstract Democracy and the rule of law in modern society ， right to know has been widely regarded as a basic human and democratic rights ， todays era is the era in rights awareness of the rights of their citizens in general increase ， governments are increasingly respected citizens rights . Because of this right to know as a new claim to the increasing attention by scholars . State government information through the legal system to protect the public s right to know ， the world has become a widely accepted and practiced methods and models . At present， China has initially formed the legal system to protect the citizens right to know ， but there are many problems in the course of the exercise of rights ， the right to be informed about the laws and regulations are not perfect ， there are violations of the right to know the behavior occurs ， the lack of democratic decision-making in public technology and scientific citizens right to information are not adequate and effective protection of that information asymmetry caused clashes have occurred between the Government and the people. Should further improve the system ， such as the right to relief measures to strengthen the legal protection of citizens right to know . Guarantee citizens the right to information is an important m