公务员权利救济机制研究-宪法学与行政法学专业论文.docx

南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文 摘 要 公务员权利救济是公务员管理制度的重要组成部分，其对公务员权利保障、权力监督制约 及行政效率提高有着重要意义。西方是公务员制度的发源地，就公务员权利救济而言，形成了 一套成熟的体系。而中国公务员权利救济机制的研究仍处于初创阶段，有关研究性专著较少， 没有形成体系化的成果。现实生活中侵犯公务员权利的现象屡见不鲜。因此，本文拟从机制层 面出发，针对我国公务员权利救济存在的问题，力争提出切实可行的改进建议，以期更好保护 公务员权益。 全文共分为四个部分：第一部分概述公务员权利救济。先从公务员基本概念解读入手，然 后从公务员权利救济的界定、理论基础和意义三方面进行阐述。第二部分考察西方国家公务员 权利救济机制。以英、美、法、日为代表，介绍它们各自有关公务员权利的救济途径，并总结 出其共性特点，以资为中国提供借鉴。第三部分分析中国公务员权利救济机制的现状与不足， 指出我国存在受案范围局限、救济机关重叠且缺乏独立性、行政救济程序不完善、司法救济缺 失等不足。第四部分论述中国公务员权利救济机制的完善。针对第三部分提出的问题，在分析 了完善我国公务员权利救济机制可行性的基础上，阐明具体完善建议。 关键词：公务员，权利救济，申诉，控告，司法救济 I 公务员权利救济机制研究 ABSTRACT The right relief of civil servant is an important part of the control system of civil servant, it is significant to protect civil rights, supervise and constrain power and improve administrative efficiency. The West is the cradle of civil servant system, as far as the right relief of civil servant, forming a set of mature system. And the study of the right remedy of civil servant in China is at initial stage, the relevant study monographs are few, having no system results. The civil servant right is often infringed in real life. Therefore, the article wants to start from mechanism, in view of the problems of the right remedy of civil servant in our country, presenting practical proposals for improvement to protect the civil servant right better. The full text is consisted of four parts: Part one summarizes the right relief of civil servant. First, unscrambling the conception of civil servant, then formulating from the definition of civil servant right relief, theoretical basis and significance. Part two explores the right relief system of civil servant in the Western countries. It introduces their respective civil servant right way of relief represented by Britain, the USA, France and Japan, and summarizes their commonality to provide experience for China. Part three analyzes the current status and deficiency of Chinese civil servant right relief mechanism, which has the limitation of the case scope, overlapping a