新概念 过去完时 幻灯片.pptVIP

过去完成时 * * 一.构成的对比： 现在完成时： 主语+have/has+动词过去分词 过去完成时： 主语+had+动词过去分词 （had用于所有人称） 二 用法。 1.过去的过去： 定义：表示过去某一时间或 某一动作之前完成的动作或 存在的状态。 过去完成时的过去时间常用下面四种方式表达： 1.用by和before引导的短语表示，如： by that time,by,,,,,o clock,by the end of...,before 1993 等。 .到昨天下午三点钟，我们已经完成工作。 By three oclock yesterday afternoon we had finished the work. .今天早上七点之前，她已经吃完早饭了。 She had already had her berakfast before seven oclock this morning. 2.用when和before等引导的状语从句表示。 在她看见我之前，我已经看见她了。 I had seen her before she saw me. 我跟到车站时，火车已经开了。 The train had already left when I got to the station. 3用He said, He knew,He asked 等主句表示 He said he had never been to Beijing. She knew she had met him before. He asked who had broken the window. 2.过去的动作延续到过去某时。 表示过去某一时间之前发生的动作或存在的状态 一直持续到那时，并可能持续下去，常同由for 或sine引导的表示一段时间的短语或从句连用。、 1By the end of last month he had worked in Shanghai for twenty years. (到上月底，他已经在上海工作了整整20年。 3.过去完成时常用于定语从句中。 定语从句中的动作如果发生在主句动作之前， 要用过去完成时。 1I found the pen which I had lost. 2.I lent her the book which I had bought the day before 4.主句和从句的时间先后区别： 有时候，时间状语从句中谓语动词的动作发生在 主句动作之前， 这时，从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时。 1她做完作业后，在院子里散步。 After she had done her homework, she took a walk in the garden. 2读完了那本书，我就把它还给了图书馆。 When I had fininshed reading the book, I returned it to the library. 有时候，连词when，after，as soon as 引导 从句时，其本身往往就说明了两个相近动作的先后关系， 因此，主句和从句有时均可用一般过去时。 5.had meant to do sth 结构 hope,think,want,mean等动词的过去完成时， 可以表示过去未曾实现的愿望，意图， 希望或打算等。 I had hoped to see her again. 我本希望再见她一面的。（但没能如愿） I hoped to see her again. 我曾希望再见到她。（过去的愿望） *