肝胆疾病超声诊 ppt课件.ppt

1.?? Tumor thrombus within the portal vein can be differentiated from bland thrombus by demonstrating arterial wave forms flow within the tumor thrombus, later, as severe portal hypertension develops, the portal vein diameter may decrease, probably because more blood is diverted to portosystemic collaterals 1.??????? adjacent collateral veins enlarge to span the obstruction and permit continued hepatopetal flow of blood. These collateral channels represent the cavernous transformation of the portal vein. 3.5MHZ 5MHZ 1.? The cysts become increasingly common with age, and the incidence is higher after 40 years of age, reaching 7% in persons over 80 years old. * * * The normal hepatic venous waveform is predominantly triphasic; however, in some patients, two additional waves (V and C waves) may be demonstrated * 21-73B Ameba abscesses Hydatid cyst of the liver Fatty liver results from accumulation of fat exceeding the normal 5% of liver weight. Fatty liver is caused by increased accumulation of triglycerides within the hepatocytes and is a reversible cellular response to various disease states and alterations in metabolism. In grade 1 (mild), echogenicity is slightly increased, with normal visualization of the diaphragm and the intrahepatic vessel borders. In grade 2 (moderate), echogenicity is moderately increased, with slightly impaired visualization of the diaphragm or intrahepatic vessels. In grade 3 (severe), echogenicity is markedly increased, with poor or no visualization of the diaphragm, the intrahepatic vessels, and posterior portion of the right lobe. 脂肪肝 1度： 回声轻度增加，隔肌和肝内血管界限可见。 2度： 回声增加较多， Fatty liver grade 2 Fatty liver grade 3 Fatty liever Fatty liver Coarse echo pattern Diffusely inhomogeneous echo pattern Increased echogenicity Surface nodularity Volume redistribution Enlarged caudate lobe and left lobe/small right lobe Caudate: right lobe ratio 0.65 Right lobe: left lobe ratio 1.3 Left p