世界主要国家近10年科学与创新投入态势分析Analysisof-地理研究.PDFVIP

2017年8月 世界科技研究与发展 科技态势与趋势 世界主要国家近 10 年科学与创新投入态势分析 姜桂兴**,1 许婧2 （1.中国科学技术信息研究所，北京 100038；2.中国科学院成都文献情报中心，成都 610041） 摘 要：科学与创新投资是推动科技发展、应对社会挑战、促进经济增长的根本保障。本文通过分析近10 年世界研 发投入及政策趋势发现，全球研发总投入保持增长态势，以中国为首的亚洲成为全球研发投入增长的主要驱动力量； 科技创新被各国政府视作实现经济社会长期可持续发展的根本途径，成为世界各国竞相投入的重点；全球企业研发 投资增长势头强劲，研发投资分布高度集中于生物制药、信息技术和汽车等高、中研发强度产业。 关键词：科技；创新；研发投入；政府；企业 中图分类号：G32 文献标识码：A doi: 10.16507/j.issn.1006-6055.2017.08.002 Analysis of Science and Innovation Investment of World Main Countries in Recent Ten Years* JIANG Guixing**,1 XU Jing2 (1. Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China, Beijing 100038, China; 2. Chengdu Library and Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China) Abstract: Investment in science and innovation is essential for science and technology development, economic growth and social progress. Based on the analysis of current global RD investment situation and policy trend, three features are found: the worldwide estimated total of RD expenditures continues to rise at a significant pace, with Asia, especially China leading the growth; Science, technology and innovation is considered by governments a fundamental way to achieve economic and social sustainable development, and thus becoming the focus of governments’ input; The total expenditure on RD by business worldwide rises strongly, remaining highly concentrated in high and medium-high RD intensity sectors, such as pharmaceuticals, ICT and automobiles. Key words: science and technology; innovation; RD investment; governments; companies 1 引言 科学与创新投资是推动科技发展、应对社会挑战、促进经济增长的根本保障。在全球贸易持续 低迷、经济增长乏力的情况下，各国都将发展目标瞄准了新一轮的科技革命和产业变革，努力增加科 技创新投资，以抢占未来科技经济发展的先机。那么，当前全