AP微积分CALCULUS知识点总结.doc

CALCULUS A DERIVATIVE FUNCTION The derivative function or simply the derivative is defined as ＝＝ Find the derivative function Find , Find the average rate of change , Find the limit . Geometric significance Consider a general function y=f(x), a fixed point A(a,f(a)) and a variable point B(x,f(x)). The slope of chord AB=. Now as BA, xa and the slope of chord ABslope of tangent at A. So, is . Thus, we can know the derivative at x=a is the slope of the tangent at x=a. Rules C(a constant) 0 The chain rule If where then . , 6. Inverse function, Parametric function and Implicit function Inverse function:, , i.e., , Parametric function:, i.e., ,→, Implicit function: , . , , t High derivative y=sinx , B Applications of differential calculus Monotonicity If S is an interval of real numbers and f(x) is defined for all x in S, then： f(x) is increasing on S for all x in S, and f(x) is decreasing on S for all x in S. Find the monotone interval Find domain of the function, Find , and x which make , Draw sign diagram, find the monotone interval. Maxima/Minima, Horizontal inflection, Stationary point C INTEGRAL The idea of definite integral We define the unique number between all lower and upper sums as and call it “the definite integral of from a to b”, i.e., where . We note that as , and We write . If for all x on [a,b] then is the shaded area. Properties of definite integrals , c is any constant , where （f(x) odd）,(f(x)even) If on then If on then The average value of a function on an interval [a,b] The infinite integral If , then Formulas:, ,,, (), U Substitution substitution u=g(x) Integration by Parts