英语句子结构.ppt

英语句子成分及基本结构 English sentence structure Definition(定义)of each part of a sentence Subject (s) 主语 Predicate (v) 谓语 Object (o) 宾语 Predicative (表语） Complement of object (宾语补足语） Attributive (定语） Adverbial (状语） Appositive(同位语） 简单句simple sentence 简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语） s + vi. (不及物动词） s + vt. + o s + vt. +o +c s + vt. +o + o s + v. + predicative 并列句compound sentence由并列连词and,but,or或分号把两个或两个以上的简单句连接在一起 You help him and he helps you. He wants to go there but I don’t. Hurry up, or you will be late. This house belongs to Mr.. Smith; it costs millions of dollars. you and I = you as well as I And not only…but also(表递进关系） They broke into his office and stole his books. They not only broke into his office but (also) stole his books. Neither …nor But ; however; yet 并列句（一）联合关系 1.He sings and she dances. 2. I like John and I like his wife, as well (too). 3. He not only sings but (also) he dances. 4. He did not play at school, nor (neither) did he study. 5. He was about to leave when (and at that time) it began to rain. (二)选择关系 Either he sings or she dances. Run, or / or else / else / otherwise you will be late. Either he is to blame , or I am.(=Either he or I am to blame.) (三）转折关系 He sings but she dances. That region has plenty of natural resources while this one has none. She is diligent, whereas he is lazy. He said that she loved him; he was mistaken, however ( though). (四) 因果关系 He sings, for she dances. She dances, so he sings. I saw a girl jump off the wall and _______(flee) away. He was obviously nervous and stood there. Stand over there, ________ you’ll be able to see it better. There are many kinds of sports, ________ my favorite is swimming. Follow your doctor’s advice, ________ you cough will get worse. 复合句（96) 复合句由简单句两两相加，其主句是全句的主体，从句以关联词引导，充当主句的主语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语。 He offered me a cigarette which I refused. 定语从句 （attributive clause) 状语从句 ( adverbial clause) 名词性从句 (noun clause) 名词性从句（