宏观经济学筒——通货膨胀与失业理论.pptVIP

六、通货膨胀与失业理论INFLATION AND UNEMPLOYMENT 通货膨胀定义与危害 通货膨胀是指商品和生产要素价格普遍和持续的上涨。 持续的通货膨胀会破坏价格机制，使生产者和消费者作出错误决策，导致资源配置浪费。 通货膨胀使货币贬值，动摇人们对货币的信心。 不利于本国出口，不利于国际收支平衡。 不利于储蓄者，不利于贷款者。 Inflation: Its Causes and Costs通货膨胀：原因与成本 Inflation is an increase in the overall price level.通货膨胀是价格水平的整体上升 ? It is a continuous increase （持续上升）versus a once-and-for-all increase in prices. ? Inflation deals with the increase in the average of prices（平均水平）and not just significant increases in the price of a few goods. The Causes of Inflation Inflation is an economy-wide monetary phenomenon（货币现象）that concerns, first and f