针对防止热采井套管热破坏的预膨胀固井技术.docVIP

防止热采井套管热破坏的预膨胀固井技术 李子丰 阳鑫军 王兆运 田新民 （燕山大学，河北 秦皇岛 066004） 摘 要: 热力采油是开采稠油的最广泛、效益较高的方法。实践表明，注蒸汽稠油井如果用常规方法固井，那么在通常的注汽温度下，套管都因热应力而产生屈服变形。目前现场常用的防止套管热破坏方法不能从根本上解决问题。本文提出了防止热采井套管热破坏的预膨胀固井技术，即在注水泥结束但没有凝固时，将油层套管预热和向油层套管施加内压强，使套管膨胀;水泥在套管膨胀的条件下凝固。计算表明，采用预膨胀固井技术后，热采井在整个生产周期内，套管不但不屈服，而且还有较大的安全系数。此项技术可能成为延长热采井套管使用寿命的重要手段。 关键词：注蒸汽；套管损坏；套管应力；固井；数学模型 中图分类号： 文献标识码：A Casing Cementing with Pre-expansion for Thermal Recovery Wells Li Zifeng, Yang Xinjun, Wang Zhaoyun, Tian Xinmin (Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China) Abstract: Thermal recovery is a very common and effective method for producing heavy oil. Casing failure is a very serious problem in thermal recovery wells. In steam injection process, casing is heated by steam. Change of casing temperature produces thermal stresses in casing. Casing deforms when stresses exceed yield point of its material. If using conventional cementing technology for thermal recovery wells,casing deforms due to thermal stresses in steam injection process. Technologies conventional used to protect casing from failure for thermal recovery wells are inefficacy theoretically. Casing cementing with internal pre-expansion for thermal recovery wells refers to heat and exert inner pressure on payzone production casing and make payzone production casing expand in cement solidifying period. Calculations show that casing with pre-expansion technique performs greater safety coefficient during the whole production cycle and no plastic deformation. This technique will be an important method to prolong thermal recovery wells casing life. Key words: steam injection；casing failure；casing stress；well cementing；mathematic model 注蒸汽是开采稠油油藏时应用最广泛、效益较高的方法之一。辽河油田和胜利油田的许多稠油井采用了这种生产方式。注蒸汽采油可分为注蒸汽驱和蒸汽吞吐两种，均将隔热油管下至近油层，用封隔器把隔热油管固定在套管内，在油管与套管的环形空间注满氮气。蒸汽吞吐法是利用注汽设备从隔热油管内将饱和蒸汽注入油层，从而加热油层，降低原油的粘度，使地层压强升高，再焖井一定时间后，井口放喷采油。注蒸汽驱法是利用注汽设备从隔热油管内将饱和蒸汽注入油层，驱动原油流向周围采油井。 在注蒸汽期间，井下高温使油井套管柱产生热应力，从而发生塑性屈服，在不均匀的外压强和套管本身不均匀等因素作用下，套管产生变形[1-7]。当停注开采时，井下温度下降，套管弹性应力降低，塑性变形保留，从而产生轴向拉应力，常