轮状病毒Rotavir没use.pptVIP

轮状病毒 Rotaviruse Rotaviruses are the most common cause of severe diarrhoea disease in infants and young children worldwide; in 2004, rotavirus infections were estimated to cause approximately 527 000 (475 000-580 000) deaths, predominantly in developing countries. 形态 核心为dsRNA，外有双层衣壳，内外两层呈放射状排列 轮状病毒 分组： A、B、C组：可引起人、动物腹泻， 最常见A组(有称为小儿轮状病毒） D-G组：仅引起动物腹泻 A组抵抗力： 耐乙醚、弱酸 室温中传染性可保持7个月 -20。C长期保存 掌握轮状病毒所致疾病 A组轮状病毒 所致疾病： 婴幼儿腹泻 传播途径：粪-口途径 机理：病毒在十二指肠粘膜细胞中增殖 影响肠道对水、盐的正常吸收 腹泻（粪便绿或白色），常伴发热，严重者可出现脱水或酸中毒 B组轮状病毒 引起成人腹泻 我国1982年首先发现 特异性预防 尚无疫苗接种 思考题 在我国引起婴幼儿秋冬季腹泻的病毒主要是 A、戊型肝炎病毒 B、ECHO病毒 C、柯萨奇病毒 D、A组轮状病毒 E、B组轮状病毒 答案：D Rotaviruses are the most common cause of severe diarrhoea disease in infants and young children worldwide; in 2004, rotavirus infections were estimated to cause approximately 527 000 (475 000-580 000) deaths, predominantly in developing countries. Although the viral strains show considerable diversity, 5 serotypes are responsible for the majority of human rotavirus disease. Primarily transmitted by the fecal-oral route, rotaviruses affect the vast majority of children worldwide before the age of 3 years, and in most developing countries before the first birthday * * * * From WHO