大功率微波防治大棚甜瓜及盆栽黄瓜根结线虫研究-中国蔬菜.PDFVIP

中国蔬菜　2013（2）：76-81 CHINA VEGETABLES 大功率微波防治大棚甜瓜及盆栽黄瓜根结线 虫研究 徐常青 1　陈　君 1*　韩兴国 2　乔海莉 1　郭　昆 1　于　晶 1　魏建健 3 1 2 （ 中国医学科学院，北京协和医学院药用植物研究所，北京 100193； 中国科学院植物研究所， 北京 100093；3 北京泰栢阳光科技发展有限公司，北京 100086） 摘　要：尝试通过物理方式防治蔬菜根结线虫，设计制造了功率 20 kW，频率为 915 MHz 的大功率土 壤微波处理机，并进行了田间试验，结果表明：大棚土壤经微波 60 s 照射能够显著降低甜瓜根结数和根结 指数，盆栽试验只需处理 10 s 即可显著防治黄瓜根结线虫。大棚微波处理对甜瓜株高、根径及果实糖度、 硬度和果形指数的影响与无微波处理的对照差异不显著。大功率微波对大棚蔬菜根结线虫有显著防治效果， 但同时存在耗能高的缺陷，有待进一步降低能耗，提高效率。 关键词：微波；蔬菜根结线虫；甜瓜；黄瓜 中图分类号：S642　　文献标识码：A　　 文章编号： 1000-6346（2013）02-0076-06 Studies on Controlling Root-knot Nematode of Melon in Greenhouse and Potted Cucumber by High Power Microwave 1 1* 2 1 1 1 3 XU Chang-qing ，CHEN Jun ，HAN Xing-guo ，QIAO Hai-li ，GUO Kun ，YU Jing ，WEI Jian-jian 1Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical Col- （ ， lege，Beijing 100193 ，China；2Institute of Botany ，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100093 ，China；3Beijing TEPEC Sunshine Science and Technology Cooperation，Beijing 100086 ，China ） Abstract ：This study tries to control the root-knot nematodes of vegetables by physical methods． A soil treat machine of 20 kW microwave with 915 MHz frequency was designed and produced．This ma- chine conducted a field test successfully．The result indicated that in greenhouse microwave treatment on soil could significantly reduce the number of root-knot and root-knot index of melon at the level of 60 sec- onds, while in pot experiment only 10 seconds on cucumbers could very significantly control root-knot nem- atodes．In greenhouse，microwave treatment did not affect melon plant height，basal stem diameter，fruit sugar content，fruit hardness and shape index. There were not significant differences with those