美国文学4.1xin.pptVIP

Revision 1. Please list Herman Melville’s works. 2. Say something about his Moby-Dick. Chapter 6 A Bridge between Romanticism And Realism One of the great innovators in American literature He gave America its first genuine epic poem: Leaves of Grass Born on May 32, 1819, in Long Island, New York. Cared for wounded soldiers during the Civil War. Died on March 26, 1892. Ideas Influenced Whitman 1. Shakespeare and Milton 2. Quakerism 3. Emerson’s Transcendentalism 4. Jefferson’s individualism 5. Hegel’s cosmic consciousness 6. Newtonian and evolutionary 7. humanitarianism, science, evolution ideas, western frontier spirits, Civil War Unionism 8. Orientalism Whitman’s Ideas 1.He embraces idealism and relies on insight and intuition; 2. He extols the idea of equality and democracy and celebrates the dignity, the self-reliant spirit and the joy of the common man. Whitman’s Ideas 3.A poets style should be simple and natural. He envisioned the poet as a hero, savior and a prophet, one who leads the community by his expressions of the truth. Writing Techniques The use of a certain pronoun “I” . Parallelism or Rhythm of thought—using same grammatical structure Phonetic recurrence Catalog—a series of images Free Verse（自由体）: It is a kind of poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme, It is derived from French word “vers libre”. Song of Myself I?celebrate?myself,?and?sing?myself, And?what?I?assume?you?shall?assume, For?every?atom?belonging?to?me?as?good?belongs?to?you.  我赞美我自己，歌唱我自己， 我承担的你也将承担， 因为属于我的每一个原子也同样属于你。 Works Song of Myself 《自己之歌》 P91 , S.R P283 Democratic Vistas 《民主远见》 P92 Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking 《从永久摇荡着的摇篮里》P.93 When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d 《当紫丁香上次在庭院中开放的时候》 P94 Leaves of Grass 《草叶集》 在惠特曼从事诗歌创作的年代，控制美国诗坛的是所谓“高雅派”诗人，他们一味以模仿英国诗歌为能事，而当时的英国诗歌也浪漫主义的末流，这种诗风在美国产生的只能是等而下之的仿制品。 惠特曼来了，带着手脚上的泥土和草叶，带着汗珠和露水，从码头、田野、矿山、街市走来，放开嗓门，大胆高歌，带着开天辟地的一个崭新的“人的姿态”——他一开口就是一个崭新的文明的声音----这就是“新兴的美国文明”的声音。 Leaves of Grass (1855) The fi