美国文学American Literature Book I.pptVIP

American Literature Book I Contents Introduction Brief Outline of American Literature Chapter I Colonial Period Chapter II Revolutionary PeriodBenjamin FranklinPhilip Freneau Chapter III American RomanticismWashington IrvingJames Fenimore CooperWilliam Cullen BryantEdgar Allan PoeNathaniel Hawthorne Introduction What is literature?Writings that are valued as works of art, esp. fiction, poetry, drama and essay.  Forms (genres) of literature?Verse - Poetry: epic, elegy, lyric, etc. Prose - Fiction: novel, short story, novelette, etc. Drama, essay, journalism, sermon, (auto)biography, travel accounts, etc. Puritanism in America They follow the ideas of the Swiss reformer John Calvin. Doctrines:- Predestination- Original sin and total depravity (human beings are basically evil.)- Limited atonement (or the Salvation of a selected few) Puritan values (creeds):Hard work, thrift, piety, sobriety, simple tastes.Puritans are more practical, tougher, and to be ever ready for any misfortune and tragic failure.They are optimistic. Puritanism in America Why did Puritans come to America?- to reform the Church of England- to have an entirely new church- to escape religious persecution* God’s chosen people* To seek a new Garden of Eden* To build “City of God on earth” Puritanism in America Influence - American Puritanism was one of the most enduring shaping influences in American thought and American literature.- American literature is based on a myth, i.e. the Biblical myth of the Garden of Eden.- Puritanism can be compared with Chinese Confucianism. Brief Outline of American literature Colonial period (1607-1775)Anne BradstreetEdward Taylor Revolutionary period (1775-1783)Benjamin FranklinPhilip Freneau Democratic Period (1783-1802) Romanticism (1820-1861)Washington IrvingEdgar Allan PoeNathaniel Howthorne William Whitman* Transcendentalism (New England Renaissance)Ralph Waldo EmersonFillip Thoreau