滇西北珠子参田间主要病害发生情况调查初报.PDFVIP

中国农学通报 2018 中国农学通报 2018,34(16): 139-143 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 滇西北珠子参田间主要病害发生情况调查初报 和琼姬，苏泽春，程远辉，康平德，杨丽云，李兆光，王泽清 （云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所，云南丽江674100） 摘 要：为保障滇西北珠子参产业健康持续的发展，2017 年在珠子参大田发病高峰期，采用五点取样法 对滇西北5 个连片珠子参种植基地开展病害调查，统计各调查点发病株数，计算发病率和病情指数；同 时观察并记录各观测点的种植模式。滇西北珠子参主要病害有3 种，分别为圆斑病、黑斑病和锈病；其 他病害如灰霉病、白粉病、炭疽病和疫病也有不同程度的发生。农事措施得当的观测点病害发生情况相 对较低，与重楼套种或杂草滋生的观测点的发病率相对较高。圆斑病、黑斑病和锈病是珠子参生产上危 害最严重的病害，可采取选择地势较高、通风效果较好、排水条件通畅的地块进行建园，设计避雨遮阴 棚，可极大限度地降低珠子参病害的发生程度。 关键词：珠子参；病害；滇西北 中图分类号：R931.2 文献标志码：A 论文编号：cas PreliminaryDiseaseInvestigationonPanaxjaponicusvar.majorinNorthwestYunnan HeQiongji,SuZechun,ChengYuanhui,KangPingde,YangLiyun,LiZhaoguang,WangZeqing (AlpineEconomicPlantResearchInstitute,YunnanAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,LijiangYunnan674100) Abstract: Thepaperaimstoensureahealthyandsustainabledevelopmentof Panaxjaponicus var. major industryinnorthwestYunnan.In 2017,weinvestigatedthediseasesin 5 contiguous P.japonicus var. major plantingbasesduringthe disease peak time using afive-pointsamplinginvestigationmethod, counted the numberofdiseasedplant,andcalculatedthemorbidityandthediseaseindex. Therewere 3 kinds of main diseasesof P.japonicus var. major innorthwestYunnan, including roundspotdisease,blackspotandrust disease. Other diseases also occurred in varying degrees, such as botrytis cinerea, powdery mildew, anthracnoseandphytophthorablight.Theincidencerate under properfarmingoperationwasrelativelylower than thatunder theintercroppingwithrhizomaparidisor in observationpointswithwidespreadweeds.The mostseriousdiseasesof P.japonicus var. major productionwereroundspotdisease,blackspotandrust disease.Therefore,usingproperfarmingoperation,suchasdesigningashelterandbuildinga cultivation gar