Chapter 8 How to write a paper课件.pptVIP

A full sentence: the transmission of the data of the network A concise sentence: the network data transmission * Using Adverbs A full sentence: It is admitted that our institute is one of the largest fusion research centers in China. A concise sentence: Our institute is admittedly one of largest fusion research centers in China. * 科技论文撰写与投稿 1 其他注意事项 2 投稿及与编辑的联系 * 科技英语 文体特点: 词义明确、结构严谨、文风比较朴素和单纯； 非英语母语作者的表达问题： ? 句子内容的连贯性, ? 论述的逻辑性, ? 语法的正确程度, ? 作者熟练使用语言表达论点的能力, ? 论文中各部分的组织结构是否层次分明, 等等 * Sentence Structure 1600年，英语句子平均为40-60个单词，1900年为21个，1970年为17个，目前为12-17个。 重要规则：One idea per sentence /corporate/kcc/circuit/99ci/ci0299/writetoreach.shtml * 读者对论文结构信息的预期 宏观层次：IMRD的论文构架； 微观层次 ? 句子或段落的叙述要遵循一定的主线, 每个表达单元(语段或语域)的主题内容应明确、单一; ? 力求组织形式合理, 不同主题间要有起过渡作用的词语或句子； ? 语法上的主语和谓语必须紧密相连; ? “先旧后新”： 将“旧信息”(前文提到过的)放在句子的开始位置, 将新信息置于句子的末尾 * “先旧后新”：不仅可以逐步深入地表达作者的观点, 并且也符合读者的阅读预期(思路不致于中断) The use of land, water and minerals has increased more than tenfold during the past two centuries. Future increases in population and economic development will intensify this pressure. * Major environmental changes varying from disruption of local ecosystems to disturbance of the biosphere are the likely cumulative impacts of human activities. ? 第三句应更改为: The cumulative impacts of human activities are likely to lead to major environmental changes, varying from disruption of local ecosystems to disturbance of the biosphere. * 优先使用主动语态 ? The fact that such processes are under strict stereoelectronic control is demonstrated by our work in this area. (18个词) ? Our work in this area demonstrates that such processes are under strict stereoelectronic control. (14个词) 句子的主语在逻辑上要清楚、连贯, 避免在同一句子或段落内部改变语态形式(以免冗长和迂回) ? These vugs carry no gold and the tenor of the vein has not been affected by them. ? These vugs carry no gold and do not affect the tenor of the vein. * 力求句子结构紧密, 表达准确、简短、清晰 (1) 句子中相关部分应尽可能地紧邻: 修饰语与被修饰对象的关系应明确、尽量相邻, 等. (2) 删除there be等冗词, 使句子更为紧凑. 如: ? In most specimens there is mo