英语语法之代词(精品全面).ppt

代 词 ( pron.) 一、人称代词、物主代词、反身代词一表清 （一）人称代词的语序： 单数形式：（二、三、一） 即：you/ he/ I 复数形式：（一、二、三） 即；we/ you/ they （二）、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词 形容词性物主代词在句中做定语修饰名词，一般不单独使用。 名词性物主代词常用来避免与前面提及的名词重复，相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。 eg: This is my dictionary. Where is yours? 名词性物主代词可用在of 后面做定语，相当于“ of +名词所有格” ，表示带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩。 eg: He is a friend of mine. 二、it的用法 it既是宾格又可以做主格，有时也可以指人。 1. 代表前面提到过的事物。如： My pen is missing. I can’t find it anywhere. 2. 用来指人，主要指婴儿或者身份不明的人。 -----Who is knocking at the door? -----It is me. The woman had a baby. It was five months old. 二、it的用法 3. 表示时间、距离、天气等。如： It will be sunny tomorrow. 4. 作形式主语或者形式宾语。如： I found it difficult to learn English well first. It is impossible for us to learn a foreign language. 三、反身代词的用法 定义：反身代词又称自身代词，由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称人称代词宾格，单数加词尾self、复数加词尾selves 构成，可用口诀简记如下： 反身代词表自身，self与selves单数、复分。 一、二人称形代后，第三人称改用宾。 在句子中，反身代词可作动词或介词的宾语、表语、主语或者宾语的同位语，也可用口诀简记： 反身代词三成分：宾、表同位反自身。 三、反身代词的用法 （一）作动词的宾语 反身代词可以与enjoy, hurt, teach, look after等词连用，表明动作的承受者就是主语本身。 1. enjoy oneself = have a good time Did you enjoy yourself at the party last night? 2. help oneself (to sth.) 随便吃点什么，后面可接食物，一般用在宴会当中，用来招呼客人的用语。 Help yourselves to some fruit, children. 三、反身代词的用法 3. hurt oneself 伤着自己 She didn’t hurt herself. 4. teach oneself = learn by oneself自学 Did you teach yourself English ? = Did you learn English by yourself? 5. look after oneself 照顾自己 I can look after myself well, thanks. 三、反身代词的用法 6. say to oneself自言自语 Mary said to herself, “ What shall I do?” 7. come to oneself苏醒 Soon the lady came to herself. 8. make oneself + 过去分词，使自己被别人… She did her best to make herself understood. 9. make yourself at home别客气，让自己像在家一样 Help yourself to some fish. Make yourself at home. 10. lose oneself in沉浸于……陶醉于…… They both lost themselves in the beautiful music. 三、反身代词的用法 （二） 反身代词和介词连用构成介词宾语 1. by oneself = alone自己做 She has done her homework by herself. 2. for oneself