高考英语主谓一致.doc

高中英语语法专题主谓一致Made By Jason PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 1 主谓一致 英语中的一致主要包括主语和谓语在人称和单复数上的一致、时态一致、名词和其代词一致。谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单复数形式的变化而变化。高考英语中主要以完形填空和语法填空的形式，同时可能会结合其他语法点比如非谓语动词和复合句等来考查。 主谓一致的三原则 主谓一致一般要遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。 语法一致原则 主语和谓语通常是从语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也采用复数形式。 Jolin has made great success with so many years going on. Jolin是单数形式，谓语动词have也应当用单数形式has The Jolins are very fond of singing . the Jolins 指一家人，表示复数，谓语动词be也应当用复数形式are。 意义一致原则 意义一致原则是指从意义着眼来处理主谓一致问题。有时候主语在形式上是单数形式，但是其意义是负数，谓语动词根据意义而定，采用复数形式。 The singer and artist is holding a concert called “land blue”. 歌星和大艺术家是同一个人，是单数。 The old are very well taken care of in our city. the old 指所有老年人，指一类人，是复数。 就近原则 就近原则是指谓语动词的变化以靠近谓语动词的主语部分而定。 Linlin or you are supposed to get into the hole. You是最靠近谓语动词的主语部分，因此be动词应当用复数形式的are。 主谓一致的详细讲解 代词作主语 1．不定代词either, neither, each, one, the other，another以及复合不定代词someone, somebody等作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Someone has parked the car on the street. One is from the USA and the other two are from the UK. 2.不定代词none作主语时如果指人或者可数的物，指数目，谓语动词单复数均可；如果指不可数名词，指量，谓语动词用单数。 None of the students have/has made the mistakes this time. Jimmy has used up all the money. None is left. 3.all(单独作主语)指人时，谓语动词用复数，指物时，谓语动词用单数。 All are present at the meeting. All is going on very well. 4.由each修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Each位于复数主语后或者句尾作同位语时，不影响谓语动词的单复数形式。 Each student has a walkman which helps them improve their listening. They each have won the first prize. =They have won the first prize each. 5.neither of 和 either of 加复数名词或者代词作主语，谓语动词用单复数均可。 Either of the story is/are interesting。 Neither of us has/have received the postcard. 6.such作主语时谓语动词的单复数形式应当根据其意义而定。 Such is Stephen Hawing , who has suffered a great deal but achieved so much. Such are the difficulties that we are faced with. 7.疑问代词作主语时，谓语动词应当根据其实际意义来判断单复数。 Who is the girl over there? Who are the girls over there? Which is your book, this one or that one? Which are your books, these or those? 8.关系代词作主语，其人称和数的变化随先行词而定。参加定语从句讲义。 Those who have seen the film please