减震器的特性分析与仿真是毕业设计.doc

摘 要 PAGE PAGE I 摘 要 减振器特性仿真可以验证减振器参数设计是否合理，及时发现设计中存在的问题，减少试验次数和费用，加快减振器设计和开发，具有很重要的经济效益和社会效益。然而，对减振器特性仿真的研究，目前，国内外大都是利用现成的仿真软件,模型所需要参数大都需要试验获得，难以建立准确可靠的仿真模型,特性仿真数值不可靠。 本文对减振器结构和原理、各阻尼构件和局部节流压力损失进行了分析，对节流阀片阀口开度进行了探讨。利用弯曲变形解析计算式，根据节流压力与流量以及速度之间关系，建立了减振器两次开阀速度点。在此基础上，根据开阀前、后的油路模型，对减振器开阀前、后的特性进行了深入地分析，建立了减振器特性分段数学模型。利用Matlab软件，对减振器特性模型施加一定频率和幅值的谐波激励，对减振器内、外特性进行仿真，并且对减振器特性影响因素进行了分析。通过特性试验值与特性仿真值比较可知：所建立的减振器特性仿真模型是正确，特性仿真值是可靠的，对减振器设计和特性仿真具有重要的参考应用价值。 关键词：车辆工程，筒式减振器，分段数学模型，特性仿真，影响因素 Abstract The characteristic emulation of the shock absorber can validate whether the designed parameter is proper or not, find the problems on time on the way of the designing, so experimentation and the expenditure can be reduced, then the shock absorber’s design, exploiture and yield can be greatly prompted.Therefore it is very import to the benefit of economy and society that the research of the characteristic emulation .Now the research of the characteristic emulation are mainly base on the ready-made software in homeland and fremdness. Because founding the precise model is rather difficult that the numerical value which is get by the characteristic emulation is uncertainty. For the characteristic emulation existing problems, the thesis analyzed the structure and principle of the shock absorber, the damping component and the lossing of local pressure of throttle and the uncorking of the throttle valves.Using curved distortional resolvable calculate formulate , we can get the two critical velocity of shock absorber.Hereon bases , by analyzing fore-and-aft oil routes’ model and the characteristic emulation of the shock absorber , veracious and effective parted –mathematics’ model of the shock absorber is established . By using the Matlab software to impose some frequency and breadth value on the shock absorber , emulated inside and outside of characteristic of the shock absorber and analysed effectible factors of shock absorber.By comparing the characteristic examinational value and the