志贺氏菌慢抗药性的研究.pptVIP

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志贺氏菌慢抗药性的研究

石磊 倪庚壬 彭超 柳彬彬 标题 Antimicrobial resistance of Shigella spp. from humans in Shanghai, China, 2004–2011 2004年—2011年在中国上海对志贺氏菌抗药性的研究 Abstract A retrospective study conducted on patients with diarrhea in Shanghai, China from 2004–2011, indicated thatof 77,600 samples collected, 1,635 (2.1%) tested positive for Shigella. Species isolated included S. sonnei (1,066,65.1%), S. exneri (569, 34.7%), and S. boydii (3, 0.2%). Most of the Shigella isolates were found to be resistant tostreptomycin (98.7%), trimethoprim (98.0%), ampicillin (92.1%), and nalidixic acid (91.7%). Additionally,many isolates were resistant to tetracycline (86.9%),trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole (80.1%), sul soxazole(76.8%) and gentamicin (55.5%). Approximately 80% of the isolates were resistant to at least eightantimicrobial agents, 14% to at least ten antimicrobials tested and 10 isolates to fourteen antimicrobials,including sulfonamides, uoroquinolones, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides and β-lactamases. Importantly, co-resistance to uoroquinolones and the third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins was also identi ed. Thehigh levels of resistance to antimicrobial agents commonly used in clinical medicine presents a greatchallenge to treating patients with shigellosis. 摘要 从2004-2011年,对中国上海的腹泻病人进行回顾性研究,共收集 77600个样本,其中1635(2.1%)个样本经志贺氏菌测试呈阳性,所分离出的菌株,包括宋内氏志贺氏菌(1066,65.1%),福氏志贺氏菌(569,34.7%),和鲍氏志贺氏菌(3,0.2%)。大多数的志贺菌菌株被认定是耐链霉素(98.7%),甲氧苄氨嘧啶(98%),氨苄青霉素(92.1%),和萘啶酸(91.7%)。此外,许多菌株耐四环素(86.9%),甲氧苄氨嘧啶+磺胺甲恶唑(80.1%),磺胺二甲基恶唑(76.8%)、庆大霉素(55.5%)。约80%的菌株耐受至少八种抗菌剂,14%的菌株耐受至少十种经测试的抗菌药物,还有10个菌株对十四种抗菌药物有抗性,包括磺胺类,四环素类,氨基糖苷类,喹诺酮类和β-内酰胺酶。最重要的是志贺氏菌,对喹诺酮类和第三代,第四代头孢菌素的抗性也被确定。志贺氏菌对医疗诊所常用抗生素的高水平抗性,使治疗被其感染的病人成为挑战。 志贺氏菌病(细菌性痢疾)是人类最常见的腹泻疾病之一,每年在亚洲大约有一亿两千五百万例志贺氏菌感染事件发生,其中一万四千例是致命的。在中国,关于细菌性痢疾的事件每年会发生一千七百万例,以及两十万感染痢疾的病人在医院被确诊,使志贺氏菌病成为世界四大须申报的传染病之一。 为了减少排泄和缩短疗程,常用抗生素来治疗志贺氏菌病。但由于抗生素药物滥用,使得志贺氏菌抗药性逐渐增强,尤其是对多种抗菌素的抗药性,进而志贺氏菌的抗药性也就成了一个重要的公共健康问题。 介绍 样本采集 ↓ 细菌学检查 ↓ 血清分型 ↓ 抗菌药物敏感性试验 ↓ 统计学分析 研究过程 样本:志贺氏菌病患者的粪便样本,来自上海市各大医院门诊(2

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