控制瓦斯赋存的地下水水质因素理论与实践基础.doc

控制煤层瓦斯赋存的地下水水质特征分析 葛晓光1，* 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目， * 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目，安徽省科技攻关重大项目(11010401015) 作者简介:葛晓光(1956—)，男，安徽淮南人，教授，博士．Tel: 0551 E-mail: @ （1.合肥工业大学 资源与环境工程学院，安徽，合肥，230009； 2.合肥工业大学 生物与食品工程学院，安徽，合肥，230009) 摘要：利用水文地球化学、细菌学研究方法，证明煤系地下水在低氧化还原电位下依次经历脱硫酸作用和产甲烷作用。SRB菌引发的脱硫酸作用是煤系地下水的重要水化学现象，脱硫酸作用优先于产甲烷作用并抑制甲烷产生。利用研究成果解释了淮南、豫东～鲁西、沁水盆地地下水水质与瓦斯的对应关系，说明了开平向斜两侧煤层瓦斯与含水层富水性的正相关性的内在机理。结果证实地下水水质控制了区域瓦斯赋存，并证明水化学类型是影响煤层瓦斯的关键因素。 关键词：地下水；煤层；脱硫酸作用；产甲烷作用；水文地球化学 An analysis of groundwater geochemical quality affecting on coal-seam gas content GE Xiaoguang1, YANG Liu2, YE Yongkang2 School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009; China School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009; China Abstract: It was found with hydro-geochemical, bacteriological methods that groundwaters within coal seam strata often underwent through sulfate-reduction and methanogenesis procedure at low redox potentials, and sulfate-reduction caused by anaerobic metabolism of SRB (sulfate-reducing bacteria) was a most significant hydrogeological phenomenon which happened prior to and inhibited methanogenesis caused by MPB (methane-producing bacteria). The research result explains the mechanism of corresponding relationship between groundwater chemical types and coal-seam gas concentrations in Huainan coal field, East Hehan - West Shandong coal field, Qinshui coal seam basin, and the positive correlation of aquifer groundwater abundances and coal-seam gas contents at the coal mines in Kaiping syncline area in Hebei province. The results confirm that the regional groundwater qualities control gas occurrences and suggest that groundwater chemical types take a key role affecting the coal-seam gas contents in a coal bearing strata. Keywords: groundwater; coal-seam; sulfate-reduction; methanogenesis; hydro-geochemistry 引言 人们很早就发现，水文地质条件可对瓦斯富集产生影响，并从不同角度总结出影响规律。在观念上主要强调水动力条件与水循环条件的作用，认为煤层吸附瓦斯为地