三峡成库初期泥沙淤积对变动回水区航道尺度提升的影响及对策研究-水利对工程专业毕业论文.docx

摘 摘 要 三峡水库蓄水大大改善了库区航运环境，航道等级提高，船舶大型化趋势明 显，大幅提高了长江航运效率，推动了沿江经济带的发展。但在涪陵以上的三峡 变动回水区河段，消落期恢复为天然河流，航道条件改善有限，大型船舶不能上 行至重庆港，阻碍了三峡航运效益的发挥。 为发挥长江黄金水道的航运效益，促进长江经济带的建设，尽快开展三峡变 动回水区重庆至涪陵段航道整治工程、提升变动回水区的航道尺度，十分必要。 本文基于大量实测资料分析，采用二维水沙数学模型，详细研究了三峡变动 回水区河段航道泥沙淤积特性与碍航特性，并对近期航道可提升标准及航道建设 方案开展论证，为三峡变动回水区的航道整治提供技术支撑。本文具体工作如下： (1)详细分析三峡运行以来长江上游泥沙淤积与航道条件及库区航运经济发 展，提出了现阶段三峡变动回水区的航道治理标准。 (2)采用二维水沙数学模型，计算分析三峡水库运行初期泥沙淤积发展趋势 及其对航道条件的影响，论证了三峡变动回水区重庆至涪陵段实施航道整治提升 航道等级的可行性。 (3)基于实测资料分析和水沙数学模型研究成果，提出三峡变动回水区河段 提升航道尺度总体思路，针对各个滩险的主要碍航特征及河床演变特点提出航道 整治措施，采用二维水沙数学模型论证及优化了各滩的整治工程方案，综合提出 了重庆至涪陵段航道等级提升的建设方案。 关键词：三峡水库，变动回水区，成库初期，泥沙淤积，航道尺度 万方数据 ABSTRACTThe ABSTRACT The water storage of the Three Gorges reservoir has greatly improved the shipping envirorlrnent in the reservoir area，the channel level has been improved，the trend of upsizing ships has been greatly improved，greatly improving the efficiency of the Yangtze River shipping，and promoting the development of the economic belt along the Yangtze River．But above the Fuling reach with fluctuating backwater area of the Three Gorges，it restores to the natural rivers during the period of low level and the improvement of channel conditions is limited，SO large ships Can not upstream to the port of Chongqing，this hinders the development of the Three Gorges ship’S benefit． In order to play the Yangtze golden waterway shipping benefits，promote the construction of the Yangtze River economic belt．It is very necessary to carry out the Waterway regulation works between Fuling and Chongqing reach in the Three Gorges fluctuating backwater area，to upgrade the channel scale of the fluctuating backwater area as soon as possible． This paper based on a large amount of field data analysis，using two—dimensional mathematical model of water and sediment，detailedly studied the river channel sedimentation characteristics and navigation obstructing characteristics in the Three Gorges backwater region，and launched a discussion about the recent waterway promotable standards and wate