英国社会与文化复习重点(2).docxVIP

Unit 1 The full name of Britain is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The UK is made up of England , Scotland ,Wales and Northern Ireland. Q: What are the three most descriptive words you associate most with British people? Reserved ， modest ， humorous Unit 2 1. Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ is “Defender of the faith”, because she is the supreme governor of Church of England and defends the freedom of the faith.她是英国教会的最高统治者，捍卫信仰自由 2. The executive power is in the hands of Prime Minister. 3. Nicknames of the kings or queens: Mary Ⅰ, ElizabethⅠ, Richard Ⅰ, Edward Ⅰ, William Ⅰ Mary Ⅰ--------- Bloody Mary （Because of the numbers of protestants executives） ElizabethⅠ----- Virgin Queen （Because she never married.） Richard Ⅰ-------the “lion heart” （Because he was famous for his exploits in the third Crusade.） Edward Ⅰ-------long shanks（because he had long legs） William Ⅰ-------the conqueror（he?was?the?victor?at?the?Battle?of?Hasting） Q: What are the queen’s state functions? The Queen approves the appointment of Ministers and the formation of a cabinet.女王批准任命部长，并组建内阁 The Queen summons Parliament and introduces the session with a speech from the Throne in which she summarizes the government’s program.女王召唤议会并用一场演讲介绍政府计划 The Queen gives her assent to Bills before they become law.法案成为法律之前要得到女王的同意 The Queen concludes treaties and declares war , makes appointments to all offices of State and Church , dismiss Parliament when the government has been defeated or has reached the end of its term , and chooses a new Prime Minister.宣布战争 The Queen is informed and consulted on every aspect of national life.关心国民生活 The Queen signs documents and receives ambassadors and important visitors from abroad.外交 Unit 3 The constitution: statue laws, common laws and conventions. statue laws : passed by Parliament common laws : be established through common practice in the courts conventions : which are rules and practices which do not exist legally , but are nevertheless regarded as vit