基于adams的主动悬架控制仿真研究-机械设计及理论专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 摘 摘 要 摘 要 现代车辆设计更注重高速、舒适、安全、环保。悬架作为汽车行驶系的重要总成， 对汽车的行驶平顺性和操纵稳定性有着直接的影响。 主动悬架能根据行驶条件实时调节悬架参数，使汽车在各种复杂行驶环境下保持 良好性能。因此，主动悬架的设计成为汽车研究的一个重要内容。其研究主要集中于 两个方面:其一探索改进主动悬架结构形式:其二是研究更高性能、高稳定性主动悬 架控制器。本文研究的目标是后者:通过建立符合实际的车辆、路况等硬环境，运用 计算机联合仿真技术，探索效果更佳的控制策略。 本文针对悬架系统非线性、时变的特点，以国产的某型号轿车悬架结构为对象，利 用多体动力学仿真软件ADAMS建立1/4汽车主动悬架模型, 解决了主动悬架精确力学 模型建立的难题:避免了以往多数研究中运用主动悬架的简单线性数学模型而造成结 论不能完全反映真实情况的问题。融合PID控制理论和神经网络控制理论的优点提出了 神经网络PID控制策略。它利用神经网络控制器实现PID控制过程中kp、ki、kd三个参 数的在线自整定，使主动悬架能够根据路况的变化自动地调整主动力。在MATLAB中 编写该控制算法模块，借助ADAMS/Controls模块实现ADAMS和MATLAB的联合仿 真。为验证其控制效果，与PID控制的主动悬架、被动悬架进行了对比研究。成果表明， 本研究提出的神经网络PID控制能使常规主动悬架更有效地衰减车身振动和减少轮胎 变形，显著地提高了汽车的行驶平顺性和操纵稳定性。 关键词:主动悬架; adams; PID控制; 神经网络; 联合仿真. 万方数据 – I – – – PAGE IV – 万方数据 – – PAGE III – 万方数据 Abstract The modern vehicles design pays more attention to high-speed, comfort, security and the environmental protection. Suspension as one of important vehicle assemblies has the important influence to automobile’s smooth running and the operation stability. Active suspension can adjust suspension parameters rationally in time according to the travel condition and maintain good performance under complex travel envi- ronments. Therefore, active suspension design becomes an important vehicle research content. the research mainly concentrates in two aspects: one is exploration of im- provement of active suspension structural form, the other is research on more high- performance, high-stability active suspension controller. this dissertation research goal is latter: by building a hard environment such as realistic vehicles, road conditions and using the computer co-simulation technology, explore the better control strategy. As to suspension system with non-lined, time-varying characters, taking suspen- sion structure of a domestic car as an object, build the quarter-car active suspension model using multi-body dynamics simulation software ADAMS. It not only solves the difficulty of building precise mechanical model of active suspension, but als