科技英语翻译第七八章..docx

7.1 连词的一般译法 第1节 翻译练习1 Carbon steel contains only iron and carbon, while alloy steel contains some other alloying metals. Because this current continually reverses in direction, it is called an alternating current. Liquid and vapor phases cannot coexist in equilibrium. 碳钢只含有铁和碳，而合金钢含有一些别的合金金属。 由于这种电流不断地改变方向，故称为交流电。 液相和气相不能在平衡中并存。 第1节 翻译练习2 Some companies replace certain parts regularly, determining the effective life of a part and then replacing it just before it would wear out. The cost of making these tests is very low when it is divided by the total number of parts manufactured. 一些公司定期更换某些零部件，先推定零部件的有效寿命，以便在零部件即将磨损之前予以更换。 如果以生产零件的总数来划分，这些实验的成本会非常低。 Why use metal when you can use plastic? A brief description of how transistors are manufactured is given here. That is why surfactants are so widely used in industry. 既然能用塑料为什么你却使用金属呢？ 这里对晶体管的是生产方法作一简略叙述。 这就是在工业上广泛使用表面活性剂的原因。 第1节 翻译练习3 Sometimes it is necessary to drill to a depth of 1,000 meters or more, before water is found in sufficient quantity. It is stated that the positioning system has an accuracy of repeatability within 0.0002 inch. When short waves are sent out and meet an obstacle they are reflected. 有时必须钻到1000米或更深的深度，才能找到足够量的水。 据称，该定位系统的重复精度在0.0002英寸。 短波发送出去，遇到障碍就反射回来。 7.2 常用并列连词的译法 第2节 翻译练习1 Computers cope with negative numbers and fractions in binary arithmetic. Oxygen is chemically active and takes part in many reactions. 计算机采用二进制算法来处理负数与小数。 氧的化学性能活泼，能参与许多反应。（省译） Modern electronic computers and other devices will be made smaller by the development of LSI. Some electrical engineers design and maintain power plants, transmission lines and home and factory electrical installations. 大规模的集成电路的发展将使现代化电子计算机以及其他装置越来越小。 有些电气工程师设计和保养发电厂、输电线、以及各种家用和工业用电器设备。 第2节 翻译练习2 The induced electromotive force lags and the current leads. Like charges repel and unlike charges attract. 感应电动势滞后，而电流导前。 同性电荷相斥，异性电荷相吸。（省译） Transformers are commonly used in radio receivers and electrical communication circuits, and they are generally