仪式 象征与秩序——对民俗活动“旺火四”的研究.docx

仪式，象征与秩序——对民俗活动“且王火”曲研究 仪式，象征与秩序 ——对民俗活动“且王火”曲研究 提 要 旺火曾经是遍布华夏大地、在民间极有影响的民俗，也是中国 传统文化的重要组成部分。然而，由于种种原因，其分布地域极度 萎缩，影响逐渐减弱，濒临绝迹。通过文献检索发现，学界对旺火 这种正在迅速消失的、具有收集，保存和记录价值的“民族民俗文 物”，大多仅记载了其表层的文化符号，缺乏深层的关注和研究。 晋北地区怀仁县旺火习俗留存完整，且广泛渗入岁时节El与人 生礼仪，是中国旺火民俗文化的代表之一：具有浓厚的乡土特色。 论丈将怀仁旺火作为研究之文化事项，运用田野调查辅以文献调查 与统计调查的方法，对其丈化地理分布、史载与源起、仪式场景与 象征意义、处于不断雯迁中的承载这种符号的活态的人群、技艺、 社会心理以及旺火作为民俗活动与社会经济的互动等，进行深入、 系统的描述和分析。通过对这项民间活动仪式、社会支撑及其变迁 的微观描述，反映社会更化变迁；并采用综合的视角，深层解释旺 火丈化表演活动背后的社会意义。 论文创新点：l、对旺火习俗的起源、文化地理分布、旺火的仪 式场景与象征意义、旺火的社会支撑及其变迁等内容做系统研究， 填补对这项活动研究的空白。2、旺火作为一种民间习俗，学界普遍 认可。通过田野调查发现，它不仅是年节祭祀礼仪的组成部分，还 跨入当地人的生命礼仪，具有仪式行为特点，故引入仪式分析的角 度，分析旺火仪式活动对当地社会结构的塑造作用，及其作为一种 符号性文化表演所反映的内在社会秩序。 关键词： 旺火社会支撑 变迁 仪式 秩序 Ceremony，Symbol Ceremony，Symbol and Order --the research of the folk-custom of Wang—huo Abstract Wang—huo，a ceremony of ignition from primitive times，is 1it at the very beginning of Chinese Spring festival．It ever appeared all over China and was influential．It is a main part of Chinese traditional culture．However,for many reasons，its influence has gradually weakened．In a short time it will have completely disappeared．We found via literature searches that the academia just recorded the surface layer signs of Wang-huo a kind of national folk—custom cultural relic which disappeared rapidly and deserved to collect，protect and record，without deep—seated attention and research． The folk—custom of Wang—huo in the county of Huai—ren，a town lies to the north of Shan—xi province，is preserved intactly．In the county of Huai—ten Wang—huo has penetrated widely to different kind of festivals ivhich are hold in different times through one year and individual life—crisis ceremonials．So it is representative in Chinese Wang—huo culture and is provided with thick local tinge．According to the culture event of Wang—huo，the paper analysis and depicted deeply its cultural geography distributing，historical recordation and origin，ceremony scene and symbolic signification，live people who use the symbol，workmanship，social mentali