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Introduction Generally speaking, coordination is a structure composed of two or more constituents of equal grammatical value arranged in a parallel manner, with the constituents similar, close, relevant or contrastive in terms of meaning. Consider (1). (1) 中国语言的演化与中国人群的演化 Evolution of Chinese languages and evolution of Chinese people It is acknowledged that although coordination is one of the most fundamental and primitive syntactic structures, it may develop from homogeneity and simplicity in its prototypical form into diversity and complexity due to some additional factors. Consider (2) and (3). (2) [语言的[横向传递与纵向传递]] [[Horizontal transmission and vertical transmission] of language] = Horizontal transmission of language and vertical transmission of language (3) [[语言与大脑]演化] [Evolution of [language and brain]] = Evolution of language and evolution of brain If anaphors are included, coordinations will be complicated further. Consider (4). (4) 中国语言的演化与(其)考古学的证据 Evolution of Chinese languages and its archeological evidence More complex coordinations collocated in verb-object or modifier-noun relationship include (5) and (6). (5) [[慰问和帮助][伤员和病员]] [[Greet and help] [the wounded and the patients]] = Greet the wounded, greet the patients, help the wounded, and help the patients (6) [[中国与东亚]的[语言和遗传基因]] [[Languages and genes] in [China and East Asia]] = Languages in China, languages in East Asia, genes in China, and genes in East Asia Complex coordinations like (5) remain an interesting and difficult topic in theory of grammar. More importantly, coordinations pose challenges to language processing in the brain. Language is a perfect and efficient system of thought and parallelism is one of the most important features of brain mechanism. The Parallel Distributed Processing (PDP) approach (Rumelhart et al. 1986) proposed over 25 years ago offers a plausible way to show how. Derivation of Chinese coordination