科技论文英摘要的写作.pptVIP

科技论文的英语表达及英文摘要的写作 南方医科大学学报编辑部 王征爱 提纲 1.摘要的类型 2.英文摘要与中文摘要的区别 3.摘要常用词和句型 4.摘要的语态和人称 5.摘要的时态 6.摘要常用表达和几个/组高频词辨析 7.虚词的用法 8.副词的用法 9.关于Chinglish 10.修辞 11.分词、合成词有关问题 12.名词的特殊用法及名词的数 1、摘要的类型 1.1 评论性摘要(Critical abstract) 1.2 说明性摘要(Descriptive abstract) 1.3 资料性摘要(Informative abstract) 1.4 资料-指示性摘要(Informative-indicative abstract) 1.5 结构式摘要(Structured abstract) 1.1 评论性摘要不常用,可见于综述,内容上侧重于评价/论理. ABSTRACT: Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) is a common disorder characterized by a spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic urinary abnormalities to acute oliguric renal failure. Tubular dysfunction out of proportion to the degree of renal failure is an important clue to the diagnosis. This review describes its pathogenesis, pathophysiology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapy, emphasizing the drug-induced form of ATIN. 1.2 说明性摘要 又称指示性或通报性摘要(Indicative abstract)：说明文章的内容范围，只是简单地报道研究主题，泛泛而谈，不涉及具体内容。一般只一到三句话，多见于临床医学论文。 Example The survival rates of a series of patients with unstable angina treated surgically and medically are compared. 1.3 资料性摘要: 详细、具体，重要观点和数据 Postoperative bleeding is usually attributed to stress ulcer; however, occult preoperative lesions could also be responsible (背景). To determine their frequency and nature, we prospectively examined 72 patients (目的) endoscopically prior to major elective operations. Entry criteria included a planned stay in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit, 2 days, and a negative history, physical examination, and stool guaiac (愈伤木脂，一种检便潜血试剂). Gastric and duodenal mucosae were scored separately, using a 0- to 7-point scale. Scores were graded negative (0), hyperemia (1), gastroduodenitis (2-5), mucosal erosions (6), and ulcers (7) (方法). Erosions or ulcers were found in 14% of patients and gastroduodenitis is an additional 10%. We found that none of the 27 risk factors or any combination of factors tested correlated with ulcers, erosoins, or gastroduodenitis (结果). Thu