基于惯量矩的椭圆拟合方法-计算机工程与应用.PDF

188 2016 ，52（18） Computer Engineering and Applications 计算机工程与应用 基于惯量矩的椭圆拟合方法 丁业兵 DING Yebing 安徽邮电职业技术学院 通信工程系，合肥 230031 Department of Communication Engineering, Anhui Post and Telecommunication College, Hefei 230031, China DING Yebing. Ellipse fitting method based on moment of inertia. Computer Engineering and Applications, 2016, 52 （18）：188-191. Abstract ：In digital image, Hough transform and least square method are unable to deal with ellipse fitting directly, need edge detection and so on, and the process is complex and needs large amount of calculation. Aiming at this problem, this paper puts forward a method of ellipse fitting by image inertia moment. Firstly, it selects the target in the image, converts color image to probability density grayscale; then, the center and inertia moments of principal axis are calculated, and it derives the angle of rotation and inertia moments of centroidal principal axis in the condition that inertia product is zero; finally, it acquires the ellipse parameters of semi-major axis and semi-minor axis according to the centroidal principal axis. Experiments in color image verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method in fitting target ellipse. Key words ：ellipse fitting; moment of inertia; probability density; centroidal principal axis 摘 要：数字图像中，Hough 变换或最小二乘法无法对图像中物体直接进行椭圆拟合，需要边缘检测等预处理，过程 复杂且计算量大，为此，提出一种直接用图像惯量矩来拟合椭圆的方法。选定图像中要拟合的目标物体，将彩色图 像转换为概率密度灰度图；计算目标的质心和主轴转动惯量，并运用形心主轴惯量积为零的条件推导出椭圆旋转角 度和形心主轴惯量矩的大小；由形心主轴惯量矩的大小得出椭圆长半轴和短半轴大小，从而得到拟合后椭圆的各项 参数。彩色图像实验，验证了该方法拟合目标椭圆的有效性和鲁棒性。 关键词：椭圆拟合；惯量矩；概率密度；形心主轴 文献标志码：A 中图分类号：TP391 doi ：10.3778/j.issn. 1002-8331.1412-0056 1 引言 寻找累积对应点，容错性和鲁棒性都较好，参数在不超 数字图像处理和视频目标跟踪中，经常要对目标形 过二维的情况下，效果较理想，但参数空间增大，计算量 [1-2] 将急剧增大。椭圆参数包括中心点位置、长短半轴大 状进行检测和识别 ，而一般目标形状可以用椭圆进行 [3]